Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28921543›Full record

ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2017

Language growth in children with heterogeneous language disorders: a population study.

Courtenay Frazier Norbury, George Vamvakas, Debbie Gooch, Gillian Baird, Tony Charman, Emily Simonoff, Andrew Pickles

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
10.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Low language capacity in childhood: A systematic review of prevalence estimates.International journal of language & communication disorders
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  16. Abilities and Disabilities Among Children With Developmental Language Disorder.Language, speech, and hearing services in schools · 2023
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  18. Public awareness of developmental language disorder in Croatia, Italy and Slovenia.International journal of language & communication disorders · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Courtenay Frazier NorburyPsychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
George VamvakasDepartment of Biostatistics, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK.
Debbie GoochPsychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Gillian BairdNewcomen Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK.
Tony CharmanDepartment of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK.
Emily SimonoffDepartment of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK.
Andrew PicklesDepartment of Biostatistics, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK.
King's College London · GBGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust · GBRoyal Holloway University of London · GBUniversity College London · GB

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLanguage development has been characterised by significant individual stability from school entry. However, the extent to which trajectories of language growth vary in children with language disorder as a function of co-occurring developmental challenges is a question of theoretical import, with implications for service provision.

methodsSCALES employed a population-based survey design with sample weighting procedures to estimate growth in core language skills over the first three years of school. A stratified sample (n = 529) received comprehensive assessment of language, nonverbal IQ, and social, emotional and behavioural difficulties at 5-6 years of age and 95% of the sample (n = 499) were assessed again at ages 7-8. Language growth was measured using both raw and standard scores in children with typical development, children with language disorder of unknown origin, and children with language disorders associated with a known clinical condition and/or intellectual disability.

resultsOverall, language was stable at the individual level (estimated ICC = 0.95) over the first three years of school. Linear mixed effects models highlighted steady growth in language raw scores across all three groups, including those with multiple developmental challenges. There was little evidence, however, that children with language disorders were narrowing the gap with peers (z-scores). Adjusted models indicated that while nonverbal ability, socioeconomic status and social, emotional and behavioural deficits predicted initial language score (intercept), none predicted language growth (slope).

conclusionsThese findings corroborate previous studies suggesting stable language trajectories after ages 5-6 years, but add considerably to previous work by demonstrating similar developmental patterns in children with additional nonverbal cognitive deficits, social, emotional, and behavioural challenges, social disadvantage or clinical diagnoses.

Indexed as

Language DevelopmentChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansIntelligenceLanguage DisordersLanguage TestsMalePrognosiscomorbidityLanguage disorderlanguage trajectorieslongitudinal study

Identifiers

PMID28921543
PMCPMC5639364
OpenAlexW2755277146

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.