ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2017
Intracellular disposition of chitosan nanoparticles in macrophages: intracellular uptake, exocytosis, and intercellular transport.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Targeted nanoparticle delivery system for tumor-associated macrophage reprogramming to enhance TNBC therapy.Cell biology and toxicology · 2025Article
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- Chitosan-Tricarbocyanine-Based Nanogels Were Able to Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier Showing Its Potential as a Targeted Site Delivery Agent.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Auranofin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Demonstrate Potency against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Article
- Chitosan nanoparticles improve the effectivity of miltefosine against Acanthamoeba.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Cytotoxicity Enhancement in Osteosarcoma with Multifunctional I-131 Radiotherapeutic Nanoparticles: In Vitro Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model and Release Kinetics Modeling.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exocytosis of Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive size-reducible nanoassemblies for deeper atherosclerotic plaque penetration and enhanced macrophage-targeted drug delivery.Bioactive materials · 2023Article
- Preparation and Characterization of Salsalate-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles: In Vitro Release and Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity.Marine drugs · 2022Article
- Phenethyl Isothiocyanate-Conjugated Chitosan Oligosaccharide Nanophotosensitizers for Photodynamic Treatment of Human Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Current Applications of Plant-Based Drug Delivery Nano Systems for Leishmaniasis Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Impact of Degree of Ionization and PEGylation on the Stability of Nanoparticles of Chitosan Derivatives at Physiological Conditions.Marine drugs · 2022Article
- Proteomic profiling reveals engineered chitosan nanoparticles mediated cellular crosstalk and immunomodulation for therapeutic application in apical periodontitis.Bioactive materials · 2022Article
- Chitosan Nanoparticles at the Biological Interface: Implications for Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biodegradable nanomaterials have been widely used in numerous medical fields. To further improve such efforts, this study focused on the intracellular disposition of chitosan nanoparticles (CsNPs) in macrophages, a primary cell of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). Such interactions with the MPS determine the nanoparticle retention time in the body and consequently play a significant role in their own clinical safety. In this study, various dye-labeled CsNPs (about 250 nm) were prepared, and a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) was selected as a model macrophage. The results showed two mechanisms of macrophage incorporation of CsNPs, ie, a clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway (the primary) and phagocytosis. Following internalization, the particles partly dissociated in the cells, indicating cellular digestion of the nanoparticles. It was proved that, after intracellular uptake, a large proportion of CsNPs were exocytosed within 24 h; this excretion induced a decrease in fluorescence intensity in cells by 69%, with the remaining particles possessing difficulty being cleared. Exocytosis could be inhibited by both wortmannin and vacuolin-1, indicating that CsNP uptake was mediated by lysosomal and multivesicular body pathways, and after exocytosis, the reuptake of CsNPs by neighboring cells was verified by further experiments. This study, thus, elucidated the fate of CsNPs in macrophages as well as identified cellular disposition mechanisms, providing the basis for how CsNPs are recognized by the MPS; such information is crucial to numerous medical applications of CsNPs.
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