ArticleHarm reduction journal2017
Stigmatization of people who inject drugs (PWID) by pharmacists in Tajikistan: sociocultural context and implications for a pharmacy-based prevention approach.
Article in Harm reduction journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and pilot of a drug use and HIV stigma reduction training for Tajik migrants who work in Moscow: the SRI-AVLOD intervention.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Development and pilot of a drug use and HIV stigma reduction training for Tajik migrants who work in Moscow: The SRI-AVLOD intervention.Research square · 2026Article
- Drug-related stigma among people who inject drugs - development and validation of the drug use stigma scale (DUSS).PloS one · 2025Article
- The tale of two Badakhshans: Determinants of access and utilization of HIV preventive services along the Afghan-Tajik border.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2024Article
- British South Asian and Muslim Community's Perceptions and Experiences of Addiction and Traditional Drug and Alcohol Treatment Services.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- A qualitative study on pharmacy policies toward over-the-counter syringe sales in a rural epicenter of US drug-related epidemics.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- Study protocol for the Respond to Prevent Study: a multi-state randomized controlled trial to improve provision of naloxone, buprenorphine and nonprescription syringes in community pharmacies.Substance abuse · 2022Article
- Article
- Australian Community Pharmacy Harm-Minimisation Services: Scope for Service Expansion to Improve Healthcare Access.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Acceptability of a hypothetical preventative HIV vaccine among people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Understanding the Reasons for Sharing Syringes or Needles to Inject Drugs: Conventional Content Analysis.Addiction & health · 2020Article
- Reported Low Uptake of HCV Testing among People Who Inject Drugs in Urban Vietnam.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- Optimizing HIV prevention and treatment outcomes for persons with substance use in Central Asia: what will it take?Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2019Review
- Attitudes towards people living with HIV and people who inject drugs: A mixed method study of stigmas within harm reduction programs in Kazakhstan.The International journal on drug policy · 2019Article
- A scoping review of health-related stigma outcomes for high-burden diseases in low- and middle-income countries.BMC medicine · 2019Article
- Readiness of community pharmacies to implement an opioid safety intervention.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhAArticle
- Overcoming stigma in pharmacy practice.Canadian pharmacists journal : CPJ = Revue des pharmaciens du Canada : RPCArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPharmacies are an important source of sterile syringes for people who inject drugs (PWID) in Tajikistan who are under high risk of HIV and hepatitis C virus. Accessibility of sterile syringes at pharmacies without prescription may depend on pharmacists' attitudes towards PWID. This qualitative inquiry examines meanings and processes of stigmatization of PWID among pharmacists and pharmacy students in Tajikistan.
methodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 pharmacists and 9 students (N = 28) in the cities of Dushanbe and Kulob, Tajikistan. The interview topics included personal attitudes towards drug use and PWID, encounters with PWID, awareness and beliefs related to drug dependence and HIV, and attitudes and practices related to providing syringes to PWID. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis methods.
resultsThe main themes included the significance of religion in defining attitudes towards drug use, labelling of PWID, negative stereotypes (PWID are prone to crime, violence, and irrational aggression; inflict harm to families and society; are able to control drug use), emotions triggered by PWID (fear, sympathy) and discrimination against PWID (rejection, isolation, ostracism, limiting resources to PWID). The religious ban on drug use and pharmacists' moral and legal responsibility for the consequences of drug use were frequently mentioned as reasons for rejecting syringe sales. Still, many participants acknowledged the need for distributing syringes to PWID to prevent HIV.
conclusionsStigma against PWID in Tajikistan plays an important role in shaping pharmacists' attitudes towards provision of services to this population. Local sociocultural context, in particular religious beliefs and social conservatism, may facilitate stigmatizing beliefs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.