ArticleOncotarget2017
Tumor location impacts immune response in mouse models of colon cancer.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of moxibustion therapies on immune function in cancer animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- A Straightforward and Reliable Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer by Orthotopic Transplantation.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
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- Novel NK cell-like phenotype expressing CCR5 and its ligands elicits tumor-specific acquired immunity to carcinomatous peritonitis via host NK-derived IFN-γ.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Ole-4, a novel synthetic derivative of Oleuropein, enhances antitumor immunity and modulates kinase activity-dependent signaling.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Drug Delivery Engineering Strategies Targeting CD4+/CD8+ T Cell Exhaustion to Improve the Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Nanodynamic Therapy in Colorectal Cancer: Engineering Precision Immunotherapy and Multimodal Synergy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Modelling the metastatic immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Article
- Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Establish Spatially Distinct Prognostic Niches in Subcutaneous Colorectal Cancer Mouse Model.Cancers · 2025Article
- Establishment of an Orthotopic and Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Mouse Model Using a Tissue Adhesive-Based Implantation Method.Cancers · 2025Article
- Review
- Establishment of a novel mouse model of colorectal cancer by orthotopic transplantation.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Inhibiting autophagy selectively prunes dysfunctional tumor vessels and optimizes the tumor immune microenvironment.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Significance of FXa and its receptor PAR2 for the growth of colon cancer cellsFrontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Senescence-associated secretory phenotype regulation by dual-drug delivery biomimetic nanoplatform for enhanced tumor chemotherapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2024Article
- Multi-Epitopic Peptide Vaccine Against Newcastle Disease Virus: Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Validation.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Colorectal cancer murine models: Initiation to metastasis.Cancer letters · 2024Review
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Existing preclinical models of human colorectal cancer (CRC) that rely on syngeneic subcutaneous grafts are problematic, because of increasing evidence that the immune microenvironment in subcutaneous tissue is significantly different from the gastrointestinal tract. Similarly, existing orthotopic models that use a laparotomy for establishing grafts are also problematic, because the surgical procedure results in extensive inflammation, thereby creating a nonphysiologic tumor microenvironment. To facilitate the bench-to-bedside translation of CRC immunotherapy strategies, we developed a novel orthotopic model in mice that uses endoscopy-guided microinjection of syngeneic cancer cells. When we compared immune system infiltration, we found that tumors in the subcutaneous model had fewer T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, but more immunosuppressive myeloid cells; in contrast, tumors in our orthotopic model had a higher number of tumor-infiltrating T cells, B cells, and NK cells, with fewer immunosuppressive myeloid cells. The number of immune-stimulating cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and granzyme B, was also higher in tumors in our model, as compared with the subcutaneous model. Those differences resulted in heightened sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in our endoscopy-guided orthotopic CRC model. Our study indicates that tumor location affects immune response in CRC mouse models; choosing the appropriate preclinical model is important when testing immunotherapy in CRC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.