Trial reportPloS one2017
Cost and cost-effectiveness of a school-based education program to reduce salt intake in children and their families in China.
Trial report in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01821144 (A School-based Education Programme to Reduce Salt Intake in Children and Their Families), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A School-based Education Programme to Reduce Salt Intake in Children and Their Families (School-EduSalt)
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Public health economic modelling in evaluations of salt and/or alcohol policies: a systematic scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Addressing global disparities in blood pressure control: perspectives of the International Society of Hypertension.Cardiovascular research · 2023Article
- An mHealth-based school health education system designed to scale up salt reduction in China (EduSaltS): A development and preliminary implementation study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Latest hypertension research to inform clinical practice in Asia.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2022Article
- Seven-action approaches for the management of hypertension in Asia - The HOPE Asia network.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Review
- Article
- Process Evaluation of an Application-Based Salt Reduction Intervention in School Children and Their Families (AppSalt) in China: A Mixed-Methods Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Review
- Effect of reducing sodium chloride based on the sensory properties of meat products and the improvement strategies employed: a review.Journal of animal science and technology · 2021Review
- App-Based Salt Reduction Intervention in School Children and Their Families (AppSalt) in China: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Process Evaluation.JMIR research protocols · 2021Article
- Estimation of salt intake assessed by 24-h urinary sodium level among adults speaking different dialects from the Chaoshan region of southern China.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Determinants of change in blood pressure in Ghana: Longitudinal data from WHO-SAGE Waves 1-3.PloS one · 2021Article
- Article
- Salt Reduction Strategies in Portuguese School Meals, from Pre-School to Secondary Education-The Eat Mediterranean Program.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe School-based Education Program to Reduce Salt Intake in Children and Their Families study was a cluster randomized control trial among grade five students in 28 primary schools and their families in Changzhi, China. It achieved a significant effect in lowering systolic blood pressure (SBP) in all family adults by 2.3 mmHg and in elderlies (aged > = 60 years) by 9.5 mmHg. The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of this salt reduction program.
methodsCosts of the intervention were assessed using an ingredients approach to identify resource use. A trial-based incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was estimated based on the observed effectiveness in lowering SBP. A Markov model was used to estimate the long-term cost-effectiveness of the intervention, and then based on population data, extrapolated to a scenario where the program is scaled up nationwide. Findings were presented in terms of an incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). The perspective was that of the health sector.
resultsThe intervention cost Int$19.04 per family and yielded an ICER of Int$2.74 (90% CI: 1.17-12.30) per mmHg reduction of SBP in all participants (combining children and adult participants together) compared with control group. If scaled up nationwide for 10 years and assumed deterioration in treatment effect of 50% over this period, it would reach 165 million families and estimated to avert 42,720 acute myocardial infarction deaths and 107,512 stroke deaths in China. This would represent a gain of 635,816 QALYs over 10-year time frame, translating into Int$1,358 per QALY gained.
conclusionBased on WHO-CHOICE criteria, our analysis demonstrated that the proposed salt reduction strategy is highly cost-effective, and if scaled up nationwide, the benefits could be substantial.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01821144.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.