ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2017
Behavioral and Neurochemical Consequences of Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Kindling in Young and Middle-Aged Rats.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of Imipenem on Cognitive Function, Anxiety-like Behaviour, Neurogenesis, and Astrogliosis in Pentylenetetrazol-Kindled Rats.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Perampanel increases seizure threshold in pentylenetetrazole-kindled mice and improves behavioral dysfunctions by modifying mRNA expression levels of BDNF/TrkB and inflammatory markers.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Article
- Phytocannabinoids Reduce Seizures in Larval Zebrafish and Affect Endocannabinoid Gene Expression.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures Are Increased after Kindling, Exhibiting Vitamin-Responsive Correlations to the Post-Seizures Behavior, Amino Acids Metabolism and Key Metabolic Regulators in the Rat Brain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- UtilizingFrontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- The Brain Protein Acylation System Responds to Seizures in the Rat Model of PTZ-Induced Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Effect of repeated seizures on spatial exploration and immediate early gene expression in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2022Article
- Aqueous extract ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Antagonism of Histamine H3 receptors Alleviates Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling and Associated Memory Deficits by Mitigating Oxidative Stress, Central Neurotransmitters, and c-Fos Protein Expression in Rats.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Retrieval-Induced Forgetting in a Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Epilepsy Model in the Rat.Brain sciences · 2018Article
- Genetically Epilepsy-Prone Rats Display Anxiety-Like Behaviors and Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities of Epilepsy.Frontiers in neurology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
(1) Objectives: Epilepsy disorder is likely to increase with aging, leading to an increased incidence of comorbidities and mortality. In spite of that, there is a lack of information regarding this issue and little knowledge of cognitive and emotional responses in aging subjects following epileptogenesis. We investigated whether and how aging distress epilepsy-related behavioral and biochemical outcomes are associated with cognition and emotion. (2) Methods: Young and middle-aged Wistar rats (3 or 12 months old) were treated with pentylenetetrazol (PTZ, 35 mg/kg) and injected on alternated days for 20 (young rats) and 32 days (middle-aged rats). Kindling was reached after two consecutive stages 4 plus one stage 5 or 6 in Racine scale. Control and kindled rats were evaluated in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and object-recognition tests and their hippocampus was collected 24 h later for mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) dosage. (3) Results: Middle-aged rats presented a higher resistance to develop kindling, with a decrease in the seizure severity index observed following the 4th and 9th PTZ injections. Middle-aged rats displayed an increased duration of the first myoclonic seizure and an increased latency to the first generalized seizure when compared to younger rats. The induction of kindling did not impair the animals' performance (regardless of age) in the object-recognition task and the EPM test as well as it did not alter the hippocampal levels of MAPKs. (4) Significance: Our findings reveal that, despite age-related differences during epileptogenesis, middle-aged rats evaluated after kindling performed similarly during discriminative learning and emotional tasks in comparison to young animals, with no alteration of hippocampal MAPKs. Additional investigation must be carried out to explore the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying these responses, as well as the long-term effects displayed after kindling.
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