ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2017
Prevalence of signs of trachoma, ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection and antibodies to Pgp3 in residents of Kiritimati Island, Kiribati.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- A search for trachoma in Timor-Leste: no evidence to justify undertaking population-based prevalence surveys.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2018Pooled it
- A systematic review of historical and contemporary evidence of trachoma endemicity in the Pacific Islands.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- Comparison of platforms for testing antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis antigens in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Togo.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Community-level chlamydial serology for assessing trachoma elimination in trachoma-endemic Niger.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Trial
- Comparison of Methods for Assessing Chlamydia trachomatis Transmission Intensity: A Systematic Review.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Testing for Antibodies to Four Parasites in Residual Blood Specimens from Trachoma Surveys in Kiribati, 2015-2019.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Serological Responses to Trachoma Antigens prior to the Start of Mass Drug Administration: Results from Population-Based Baseline Surveys, North Darfur, Sudan.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- The Use of Dried Matrix Spots as an Alternative Sampling Technique for Monitoring Neglected Tropical Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Magnitude of Active Trachoma Among Host and Refugee Children in Gambella Regional State, Ethiopia.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Policy and Executive Barriers in Preventing and Eradicating Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Systematic Review.International journal of preventive medicine · 2024Review
- Tropical Data: Approach and Methodology as Applied to Trachoma Prevalence Surveys.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2023Article
- Changes in trachoma indicators in Kiribati with two rounds of azithromycin mass drug administration, measured in serial population-based surveys.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Validation of immunoassays for the Chlamydia trachomatis antigen Pgp3 using a chimeric monoclonal antibody.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Clinical signs of trachoma and laboratory evidence of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a remote Queensland community: a serial cross-sectional study.The Medical journal of Australia · 2022Article
- Risk of seroconversion and seroreversion of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis pgp3 in a longitudinal cohort of children in a low trachoma prevalence district in Tanzania.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- A national survey integrating clinical, laboratory, and WASH data to determine the typology of trachoma in Nauru.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Predicting future community-level ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection prevalence using serological, clinical, molecular, and geospatial data.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- The use of serology for trachoma surveillance: Current status and priorities for future investigation.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Review
- Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection, anti-Pgp3 antibodies and conjunctival scarring in Vanuatu and Tarawa, Kiribati before antibiotic treatment for trachoma.The Journal of infection · 2020Article
- Pgp3 seroprevalence and associations with active trachoma and ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Malawi: cross-sectional surveys in six evaluation units.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIn some Pacific Island countries, such as Solomon Islands and Fiji, active trachoma is common, but ocular Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection and trachomatous trichiasis (TT) are rare. On Tarawa, the most populous Kiribati island, both the active trachoma sign "trachomatous inflammation-follicular" (TF) and TT are present at prevalences warranting intervention. We sought to estimate prevalences of TF, TT, ocular Ct infection, and anti-Ct antibodies on Kiritimati Island, Kiribati, to assess local relationships between these parameters, and to help determine the need for interventions against trachoma on Kiribati islands other than Tarawa.
methodsAs part of the Global Trachoma Mapping Project (GTMP), on Kiritimati, we examined 406 children aged 1-9 years for active trachoma. We collected conjunctival swabs (for droplet digital PCR against Ct plasmid targets) from 1-9-year-olds with active trachoma, and a systematic selection of 1-9-year-olds without active trachoma. We collected dried blood spots (for anti-Pgp3 ELISA) from all 1-9-year-old children. We also examined 416 adults aged ≥15 years for TT. Prevalence of TF and TT was adjusted for age (TF) or age and gender (TT) in five-year age bands.
resultsThe age-adjusted prevalence of TF in 1-9-year-olds was 28% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24-35). The age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of TT in those aged ≥15 years was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.1-0.3%). Twenty-six (13.5%) of 193 swabs from children without active trachoma, and 58 (49.2%) of 118 swabs from children with active trachoma were positive for Ct DNA. Two hundred and ten (53%) of 397 children had anti-Pgp3 antibodies. Both infection (p<0.0001) and seropositivity (p<0.0001) were strongly associated with active trachoma. In 1-9-year-olds, the prevalence of anti-Pgp3 antibodies rose steeply with age.
conclusionTrachoma presents a public health problem on Kiritimati, where the high prevalence of ocular Ct infection and rapid increase in seropositivity with age suggest intense Ct transmission amongst young children. Interventions are required here to prevent future blindness.
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