ArticleCells2017
Delayed Activation Kinetics of Th2- and Th17 Cells Compared to Th1 Cells.
Article in Cells, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Strong CD4+ T-Cell Responses to Ancestral and Variant Spike Proteins Are Established by NVX-CoV2373 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Primary Vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Role and plasticity of Th1 and Th17 responses in immunity toHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Trial
- Delphinidin Exerts Immunomodulatory Effects in Canine Neutrophils and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Limiting Tissue Damaging Mechanisms and Regulating Cytokine Responses.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Sez6L2 autoimmunity induces cerebellar ataxia in mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The Impact ofAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The causal relationship between immune cells and different kidney diseases: A Mendelian randomization study.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2023Article
- In Vitro Stimulation with Live SARS-CoV-2 Suggests Th17 Dominance In Virus-Specific CD4+ T Cell Response after COVID-19.Vaccines · 2022Article
- High Th2 cytokine levels and upper airway inflammation in human inherited T-bet deficiency.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2021Article
- Development of a Simple and Robust Whole Blood Assay with Dual Co-Stimulation to Quantify the Release of T-Cellular Signature Cytokines in Response toJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- T-Cell Immune Surveillance in Allogenic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: Are Whole Blood-Based Assays Ready to Challenge ELISPOT?Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Adhering to adhesion: assessing integrin conformation to monitor T cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2019Review
- Natural T cell autoreactivity to melanoma antigens: clonally expanded melanoma-antigen specific CD8 + memory T cells can be detected in healthy humans.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2019Article
- Article
- High-Throughput GLP-Capable Target Cell Visualization Assay for Measuring Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity.Cells · 2018Article
- Reagent Tracker Dyes Permit Quality Control for Verifying Plating Accuracy in ELISPOT Tests.Cells · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During immune responses, different classes of T cells arise: Th1, Th2, and Th17. Mobilizing the right class plays a critical role in successful host defense and therefore defining the ratios of Th1/Th2/Th17 cells within the antigen-specific T cell repertoire is critical for immune monitoring purposes. Antigen-specific Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells can be detected by challenging peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with antigen, and establishing the numbers of T cells producing the respective lead cytokine, IFN-γ and IL-2 for Th1 cells, IL-4 and IL-5 for Th2, and IL-17 for Th-17 cells, respectively. Traditionally, these cytokines are measured within 6 h in flow cytometry. We show here that 6 h of stimulation is sufficient to detect peptide-induced production of IFN-γ, but 24 h are required to reveal the full frequency of protein antigen-specific Th1 cells. Also the detection of IL-2 producing Th1 cells requires 24 h stimulation cultures. Measurements of IL-4 producing Th2 cells requires 48-h cultures and 96 h are required for frequency measurements of IL-5 and IL-17 secreting T cells. Therefore, accounting for the differential secretion kinetics of these cytokines is critical for the accurate determination of the frequencies and ratios of antigen-specific Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.