ArticleJournal of the American College of Nutrition
Association between Serum Unmetabolized Folic Acid Concentrations and Folic Acid from Fortified Foods.
Article in Journal of the American College of Nutrition. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deficiency of B vitamins in women of childbearing age, pregnant, and lactating women in Brazil: a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- A Daily Dose of 5 mg Folic Acid for 90 Days Is Associated with Increased Serum Unmetabolized Folic Acid and Reduced Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity in Healthy Brazilian Adults.The Journal of nutrition · 2017Trial
- Folate Profile in Tissues from Infant Primates Fed Folic Acid.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Excess folic acid disrupts placental endocrine functionFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Biological, dietetic and pharmacological properties of vitamin BNPJ science of food · 2025Review
- Toxic Effects of Excess Vitamins A, B6, and Folic Acid on the Nervous System.Behavioural neurology · 2025Review
- The association of metabolic profile of folate with diabetic kidney disease: evidence from 2011-2020 cycles of the NHANES.Renal failure · 2024Article
- The Implication of a Polymorphism in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene in Homocysteine Metabolism and Related Civilisation Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Uncovering the Hidden Dangers and Molecular Mechanisms of Excess Folate: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for folate.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
- Effects of folic acid supplementation in pregnant mice on glucose metabolism disorders in male offspring induced by lipopolysaccharide exposure during pregnancy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Folate and vitamin B12 status: temporal evaluation after mandatory fortification in Brazil.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Article
- Advances in PSMA theranostics.Translational oncology · 2022Article
- Unmetabolized folic acid is associated with TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-12 concentrations in a population exposed to mandatory food fortification with folic acid: a cross-sectional population-based study in Sao Paulo, Brazil.European journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- Coronary Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Angina and Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease Is Associated With Elevated Serum Homocysteine Levels.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Prevalence of inadequate intake of folate after mandatory fortification: results from the first National Dietary Survey in Brazil.European journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- Elevated plasma homocysteine levels are associated with impaired peripheral microvascular vasomotor response.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2020Article
- Article
- Daily supplementation with 5 mg of folic acid in Brazilian patients with hereditary spherocytosis.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the association between serum unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) concentrations and folic acid from fortified foods and nutrients known as dietary methyl-group donors (folate, methionine, choline, betaine and vitamins B2, B6 and B12) in participants exposed to mandatory fortification of wheat and maize flours with folic acid.
methodsCross-sectional study carried out with 144 healthy Brazilian participants, both sexes, supplement nonusers. Serum folate, UMFA, vitamin B12 and total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) were biochemically measured. Dietary intake was assessed by 2 non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls (24-HRs) and deattenuated energy-adjusted nutrient data were used for statistical analysis.
resultsNinety eight (68.1%) participants were women. Median (interquartile range) age was 35.5 (28.0-52.0) years. Elevated serum folate concentrations (>45 nmol/L) were found in 17 (11.8%), while folate deficiency (<7 nmol/L) in 10 (6.9%) participants. No one had vitamin B12 deficiency (<148 pmol/L). An elevated serum UMFA concentration was defined as > 1 nmol/L (90th percentile). UMFA concentrations were positively correlated with folic acid intake and negatively correlated to choline, methionine and vitamin B6 intakes. Participants in the lowest quartile of UMFA concentrations had lower dietary intake of total folate (DFEs) and folic acid, and higher dietary intake of methionine, choline and vitamin B6 than participants in the highest quartile of UMFA. Folic acid intake (OR [95% CI] = 1.02 [1.01-1.04)] and being a male (OR [95% CI] = 0.40 [0.19-0.87) were associated with increased and reduced odds for UMFA concentrations > 0.55 nmol/L (median values), respectively.
conclusionUMFA concentrations were directly influenced by folic acid intake from fortified foods in a healthy convenience sample of adult Brazilians exposed to mandatory flour fortification with folic acid.
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