Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28895063›Full record

ArticleSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2018

Considerations in the Use of Body Mass Change to Estimate Change in Hydration Status During a 161-Kilometer Ultramarathon Running Competition.

Martin D Hoffman, Eric D B Goulet, Ronald J Maughan

Erratum issuedAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  6. Article
  7. Ultra-Endurance Participation and Acute Kidney Injury: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Review
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  12. Article
  13. Review
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  19. Response to Armstrong and Bergeron.European journal of applied physiology · 2019
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Martin D HoffmanDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Veterans Affairs, Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Sacramento, CA, 95655-1200, USA. mdhoffman@ucdavis.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8819-5989
Eric D B GouletResearch Centre on Aging and Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5117-9977
Ronald J MaughanSchool of Medicine, St Andrews University, St Andrews, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7642-354X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hydration guidelines found in the scientific and popular literature typically advise that body mass losses beyond 2% should be avoided during exercise. In this work, we demonstrate that these guidelines are not applicable to prolonged exercise of several hours where body mass loss does not reflect an equivalent loss of body water due to the effects of body mass change from substrate use, release of water bound with muscle and liver glycogen, and production of water during substrate metabolism. These effects on the body mass loss required to maintain body water balance are shown for a 161-km mountain ultramarathon running competition participant utilizing published data for the total energy cost, exogenous energy consumption and percentage from each fuel source, average participant body mass, and the extent of soft tissue fluid accumulation during an ultramarathon. We assumed that total energy derived from protein ranges from 5 to 10%, all exogenous energy is used to support the energy cost of the race, glycogen utilization ranges from 300 to 500 g, water linked with glycogen ranges from 1 to 3 g per g of glycogen, and the mass of the bladder and gastrointestinal tract is unchanged from pre-race to post-race body mass measurements. These calculations show that the average participant of 68.8 kg must lose 1.9-5.0% body mass to maintain the water supporting body water balance while also avoiding overhydration. Future hydration guidelines should consider these findings so that the proper hydration message is conveyed to those who participate in prolonged exercise.

Indexed as

Body Mass IndexDehydrationDrinkingRunningWater-Electrolyte BalanceBody WaterExerciseHumansWaterWater Loss, InsensibleWater

Identifiers

PMID28895063

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.