ArticleEmergency (Tehran, Iran)2017
The Pattern of Pre-hospital Medical Service Delivery in Iran; a Cross Sectional Study.
Article in Emergency (Tehran, Iran), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prehospital Emergency Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.Prehospital and disaster medicine · 2023Pooled it
- General and Specific Stress Factors as Potential Predictors of Work Ability Among Pre-Hospital Emergency Medical Personnel.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Factors affecting disaster preparedness in prehospital emergency dispatch centers: mapping of expert perspectives.International journal of emergency medicine · 2025Article
- A comparative study on specialized services in pre-hospital emergencies in Iran and selected countries.Journal of education and health promotion · 2023Review
- History and Structure of the Fourth Leading Emergency Medical Service in the World; a Review Article.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPre-hospital emergency systems provide service by Franco-German and Anglo American models. This study was carried out to compare the Iranian emergency medical service (EMS) with the two models regarding timing and equipment.
methodsIn this cross sectional study, response time, scene time, and transport time to hospital as well as ambulance equipment of five hundred thousand Tehran EMS recorded missions, during one year, were compared with Franco-German and Anglo American models, trying to determine the pattern of EMS delivery in Iran.
resultsThe mean response time, scene time, and transport time to hospital were 15.00 ±10.88, 18 ±11.48, and 15.00 ±11.20 minutes, respectively. The mean response time (p<0.035), scene time (p<0.033), and transport time to hospital (p<0.015) were more than the standard time. Percentage of ambulances quipped with automated external defibrillator (45%, p<0.001), ventilator (2%, p<0.001), disposable splint (0%, p<0.001), and wheelchair (0%, p<0.001) were very far from standards.
conclusionThe pattern of EMS delivery in Iran was a combination of Anglo American and Franco-German system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
28894773PMC5585827What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.