ArticleScientific reports2017
Contributions of cuticle permeability and enzyme detoxification to pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 76 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 221 citations in OpenAlex.
- Knockdown resistance (kdr) and organochlorine insecticide resistance in malaria vectors: a systematic review.Malaria journal · 2025Pooled it
- Dynamics and monitoring of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors across mainland Tanzania from 1997 to 2017: a systematic review.Malaria journal · 2019Pooled it
- TRP channel activation and cholinergic signaling in insect thermoregulation: evidence from the American cockroach.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2026Article
- Soft Selective Sweeps Predominate in the Yellow Fever Mosquito Aedes aegypti.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Identification and Characterization of Cuticular Proteins in the Miridae InsectInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Dietary L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) augments cuticular melanization in Anopheles mosquitos reducing their lifespan and malaria burden.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Signatures of soft selective sweeps predominate in the yellow fever mosquitobioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cuticle protein mediates the evolution of stress resistance by generating a decoy circular RNA in spider mite.Science advances · 2025Article
- Comparative transcriptomics reveals different profiles between diflubenzuron-resistant and -susceptible phenotypes of the mosquito Culex pipiens.Pest management science · 2025Article
- Exploring the metabolic and cuticular mechanisms of increased pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae S.l populations from Ghana.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Leg Cuticle Protein Enhances the Resistance ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Properties of "Stable" Mosquito Cytochrome P450 Enzymes.Insects · 2025Article
- Panoramic view of diversity and function of cuticular proteins in insects and mosquitoes biology.Frontiers in insect science · 2025Review
- Insecticide resistance and species diversity in Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Côte d'Ivoire.PloS one · 2025Article
- Pyrethroid-resistant malaria vector Anopheles gambiae restored susceptibility after pre-exposure to piperonyl-butoxide: results from country-wide insecticide resistance monitoring in Tanzania, 2023.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Efficacy of PermaNetMalaria journal · 2024Article
- Transcriptomic Response to Pyrethroid Treatment in Closely Related Bed Bug Strains Varying in Resistance.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Indoor residual spraying of experimental huts in Cameroon highlights the potential of Fludora® Fusion to control wild pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Key gene modules and hub genes associated with pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes: a systems biology approach.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To tackle the problem of insecticide resistance, all resistance mechanisms need to be studied. This study investigated the involvement of the cuticle in pyrethroid resistance in a strain of Anopheles gambiae, MRS, free of kdr mutations. Bioassays revealed MRS to be resistant to pyrethroids and DDT, indicated by increasing knockdown times and resistance ratios. Moreover, biochemical analysis indicated that metabolic resistance based on enhanced CYP450 activity may also play a role. Insecticide penetration assays showed that there were significantly lower amounts of insecticide in the MRS strain than in the susceptible control. Analysis of the levels of the selected transcripts by qPCR showed that CYP6M2, a major pyrethroid metaboliser, CYP4G16, a gene implicated in resistance via its contribution to the biosynthesis of elevated epicuticular hydrocarbons that delay insecticide uptake, and the cuticle genes CPAP3-E and CPLCX1 were upregulated after insecticide exposure. Other metabolic (CYP6P3, GSTe2) and cuticle (CPLCG3, CPRs) genes were also constitutively upregulated. Microscopic analysis showed that the cuticle layers of the MRS strain were significantly thicker than those of the susceptible strain. This study allowed us to assess the contribution made by the cuticle and metabolic mechanisms to pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae without target-site mutations.
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