ArticleNeuroscience2017
Initial activation state, stimulation intensity and timing of stimulation interact in producing behavioral effects of TMS.
Article in Neuroscience, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04694131 (Task-dependent Effects of TMS on the Neural Biomarkers of Episodic Memory), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Task-dependent Effects of TMS on the Neural Biomarkers of Episodic Memory
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of experimental factors influencing single-pulse TMS effects on the early visual cortex.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Probing cerebellar involvement in cognition through a meta-analysis of TMS evidence.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- The Effect of Single Pulse TMS on Working Memory Performance: An Online TMS And fNIRS Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Cerebellar perturbation impairs human working memory and degrades spatial tuning throughout cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Lightweight EEG Phase Prediction Based on Channel Attention and Spatio-Temporal Parallel Processing.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- State-Dependent Brain Stimulation for Visual Neurorehabilitation: Principles and Applications.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Chronometric TMS-fMRI of personalized left dorsolateral prefrontal target reveals state-dependency of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex effects.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Dissociable roles of human frontal eye fields and early visual cortex in presaccadic attention.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation to frontal but not occipital cortex disrupts endogenous attention.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Neurophysiological considerations for visual implants.Brain structure & function · 2022Review
- How to Test the Association Between Baseline Performance Level and the Modulatory Effects of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Neurophysiological and behavioural effects of conventional and high definition tDCS.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Light-Dependent Effects of Prefrontal rTMS on Emotional Working Memory.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Low-Frequency TMS Results in Condition-Related Dynamic Activation Changes of Stimulated and Contralateral Inferior Parietal Lobule.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2021Article
- Extinguishing Exogenous Attention via Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.Current biology : CB · 2020Article
- Intensity- and timing-dependent modulation of motion perception with transcranial magnetic stimulation of visual cortex.Neuropsychologia · 2020Article
- The occipital face area is causally involved in identity-related visual-semantic associations.Brain structure & function · 2020Article
- Interleaving Motor Sequence Training With High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Facilitates Consolidation.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2020Article
- Combining HF rTMS over the Left DLPFC with Concurrent Cognitive Activity for the Offline Modulation of Working Memory in Healthy Volunteers: A Proof-of-Concept Study.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Cognitive EnhancementFrontiers in human neuroscience · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Behavioral effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have been shown to depend on various factors, such as neural activation state, stimulation intensity, and timing of stimulation. Here we examined whether these factors interact, by applying TMS at either sub- or suprathreshold intensity (relative to phosphene threshold, PT) and at different time points during a state-dependent TMS paradigm. The state manipulation involved a behavioral task in which a visual prime (color grating) was followed by a target stimulus which could be either congruent, incongruent or partially congruent with the color and orientation of the prime. In Experiment 1, single-pulse TMS was applied over the early visual cortex (V1/V2) or Vertex (baseline) at the onset of the target stimulus - timing often used in state-dependent TMS studies. With both subthreshold and suprathreshold stimulation, TMS facilitated the detection of incongruent stimuli while not significantly affecting other stimulus types. In Experiment 2, TMS was applied at 100ms after target onset -a time window in which V1/V2 is responding to visual input. Only TMS applied at suprathreshold intensity facilitated the detection of incongruent stimuli, with no effect with subthreshold stimulation. The need for higher stimulation intensity is likely to reflect reduced susceptibility to TMS of neurons responding to visual stimulation. Furthermore, the finding that in Experiment 2 only suprathreshold TMS induced a behavioral facilitation on incongruent targets (whereas facilitations in the absence of priming have been reported with subthreshold TMS) indicates that priming, by reducing neural excitability to incongruent targets, shifts the facilitatory/inhibitory range of TMS effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.