ArticlePublic health nutrition2017
Associations between bottle-feeding intensity and maternal encouragement of bottle-emptying.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maternal Pressure and Frequent Use of Bottle During Feeding Moderate Infant Food Cue Reactivity over Time.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Regulation of Energy Intake in Infancy: A Narrative Review.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Determinants of complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-24 months in urban slums of Pune, Maharashtra, in India.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2023Article
- A mixed methods study of siblings' roles in maternal feeding practices in early childhood: an application of the learning from experience process.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Article
- Birth Order Effects on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy, Parent Report of Problematic Feeding and Infant Feeding Abilities.Journal of neonatal nursing : JNN · 2022Article
- Impact of early rapid weight gain on odds for overweight at one year differs between breastfed and formula-fed infants.Pediatric obesity · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo explore longitudinal associations between bottle-feeding and maternal encouragement of infant bottle-emptying during the first 6 months of infancy.
designMothers completed questionnaires during the third trimester of pregnancy, then monthly during the first 6 months postpartum. Questionnaires assessed family demographics, maternal and infant weight status, infant feeding patterns and maternal encouragement of infant bottle-emptying.
settingThe Infant Feeding Practices Study 2, conducted by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Food and Drug Administration. SUBJECTS: Mothers (n 1776).
resultsRepeated-measures regression was used to explore associations between bottle-feeding intensity (BFI; defined as the percentage of daily feedings that were from a bottle) and encouragement of bottle-emptying. Mothers who reported consistently high or consistently low BFI also exhibited consistently higher or lower frequency of encouraging their infants to empty the bottle (respectively) across the first 6 months of infancy, whereas mothers who reported increases in their BFI also exhibited concomitant increases in the frequency to which they encouraged their infants to finish the bottle. More frequent encouragement of bottle-emptying was also associated with feeding expressed breast milk (P<0·001), and lower parity (P=0·01), pre-pregnancy BMI (P=0·002) and infant birth weight (P=0·001).
conclusionsMore frequent use of bottles for infant feeding was significantly associated with more frequent encouragement of bottle-emptying. Further research using causal designs is needed to better understand whether the use of bottles promotes this controlling feeding practice or whether mothers with more controlling feeding practices opt to bottle-feed.
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