ReviewAIDS research and therapy2017
The biology of how circumcision reduces HIV susceptibility: broader implications for the prevention field.
Review in AIDS research and therapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV Transmission and Immunology of the Male Reproductive Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- The impact of HIV on cervical cancer elimination in KwaZulu-Natal: a comparative modeling analysis.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- The neovaginal microbiota, symptoms, and local immune correlates in transfeminine individuals with penile inversion vaginoplasty.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA platforms for mucosal HIV vaccines: formulation advances, immune mechanisms, and translational pathways.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Association Between High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Circumcision Status Among Sexually Experienced Adult Men, 2013 to 2016, United States.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Article
- Comparison between a deep-learning and a pixel-based approach for the automated quantification of HIV target cells in foreskin tissue.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Insertive vaginal sex is associated with altered penile immunology and enrichment of Gardnerella vaginalis in uncircumcised Ugandan men.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2024Article
- Article
- HIV-Host Cell Interactions.Cells · 2023Review
- Human Male Genital Tract Microbiota.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Increased HIV Incidence inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Exploring initiation schools' impact on HIV and AIDS management in the Vhembe district of South Africa: An ethnography.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2023Article
- Factors Influencing Participation of Adults in Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Lindi Region, Tanzania.The East African health research journal · 2023Article
- The initial interplay between HIV and mucosal innate immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- How Does Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Reduce HIV Risk?Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- Understanding the Evolving Role of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision as a Public Health Strategy in Eastern and Southern Africa: Opportunities and Challenges.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Review
- Infant Circumcision for Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk Reduction Globally.Global health, science and practice · 2022Article
- Review
- Immune milieu and microbiome of the distal urethra in Ugandan men: impact of penile circumcision and implications for HIV susceptibility.Microbiome · 2022Article
- Contribution of Sex Differences to HIV Immunology, Pathogenesis, and Cure Approaches.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Circumcision reduces heterosexual HIV-1 acquisition in men by at least 60%. However, the biological mechanisms by which circumcision is protective remain incompletely understood. We test the hypothesis that the sub-preputial microenvironment created by the foreskin drives immune activation in adjacent foreskin tissues, facilitating HIV-1 infection through a combination of epithelial barrier disruption, enhanced dendritic cell maturation, and the recruitment/activation of neutrophils and susceptible CD4 T cell subsets such as Th17 cells. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the genital microbiome may be an important driver of this immune activation. This suggests that new modalities to reduce genital immune activation and/or alter the genital microbiome, used alone or in combination with topical microbicides, may be of significant benefit to HIV prevention.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.