ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2017
Syringomyelia and Craniocervical Junction Abnormalities in Chihuahuas.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of the Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia evaluation: the CHASE questionnaire.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- A new future for dog breeding.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2025Review
- Cerebrospinal fluid flow in small-breed dogs with idiopathic epilepsy observed using time-spatial labeling inversion pulse images: a preliminary study.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2024Article
- Craniocervical Morphometry in Pomeranians-Part II: Associations with Chiari-like Malformation and Syringomyelia.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Craniocervical Morphometry in Pomeranians-Part I: Intra-Observer, Interobserver, and Intermodality (CT vs. MRI) Agreement.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Clinical predictors of syringomyelia in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with chiari-like malformation based on owners' observations.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2024Article
- Fast field echo resembling CT using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) MR sequence can provide craniocervical region images comparable to a CT in dogs.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Longitudinal assessment of syringomyelia in Pomeranians.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Holocord syringomyelia in 18 dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- A data driven approach for soft tissue biomarker identification linked to Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- CT-based and manual external skull measurements for Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Pomeranians.PloS one · 2024Article
- Phenotypic characterization of Pomeranians with or without Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Article
- Syringohydromyelia in Dogs: The Genomic Component Underlying a Complex Neurological Disease.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Ventriculomegaly in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Chiari-like malformation: relationship with clinical and imaging findings.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2022Article
- Persistent fontanelles in Chihuahuas. Part I. Distribution and clinical relevance.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- Persistent fontanelles in Chihuahuas. Part II: Association with craniocervical junction abnormalities, syringomyelia, and ventricular volume.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- The Need for Head Space: Brachycephaly and Cerebrospinal Fluid Disorders.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Facial changes related to brachycephaly in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Chiari-like malformation associated pain and secondary syringomyelia.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2020Article
- Using machine learning to understand neuromorphological change and image-based biomarker identification in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Chiari-like malformation-associated pain and syringomyelia.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChiari-like malformation (CM) and syringomyelia (SM) are widely reported in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels and Griffon Bruxellois dogs. Increasing evidence indicates that CM and SM also occur in other small and toy breed dogs, such as Chihuahuas.
objectivesTo describe the presence of SM and craniocervical junction (CCJ) abnormalities in Chihuahuas and to evaluate the possible association of CCJ abnormalities with SM. To describe CM/SM-related clinical signs and neurologic deficits and to investigate the association of CM/SM-related clinical signs with signalment, SM, or CCJ abnormalities. ANIMALS: Fifty-three client-owned Chihuahuas.
methodsProspective study. Questionnaire analyses and physical and neurologic examinations were obtained before magnetic resonance and computed tomography imaging. Images were evaluated for the presence of SM, CM, and atlantooccipital overlapping. Additionally, medullary kinking, dorsal spinal cord compression, and their sum indices were calculated.
resultsScratching was the most common CM/SM-related clinical sign and decreased postural reaction the most common neurologic deficit in 73 and 87% of dogs, respectively. Chiari-like malformation and SM were present in 100 and 38% of dogs, respectively. Syringomyelia was associated with the presence of CM/SM-related clinical signs (P = 0.034), and medullary kinking and sum indices were higher in dogs with clinical signs (P = 0.016 and P = 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Syringomyelia and CCJ abnormalities are prevalent in Chihuahuas. Syringomyelia was an important factor for the presence of CM/SM-related clinical signs, but many dogs suffered from similar clinical signs without being affected by SM, highlighting the clinical importance of CCJ abnormalities in Chihuahuas.
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