Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2017
Adjuvant Nivolumab versus Ipilimumab in Resected Stage III or IV Melanoma.
6 registry-linked trialsAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIComparative StudyMulticenter Study
In one paragraph
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 6 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,078 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1,078citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind Study of Adjuvant Immunotherapy With Nivolumab Versus Ipilimumab After Complete Resection of Stage IIIb/c or Stage IV Melanoma in Subjects Who Are at High Risk for Recurrence (CheckMate 238: CHECKpoint Pathway and nivoluMAb Clinical Trial Evaluation 238)
NCT04013854 phase2active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation
Adjuvant Nivolumab or Ipilimumab + Nivolumab Determined By Pathological Response To A Single Dose Of Neoadjvuant Nivolumab
Improving Early Detection of Melanoma Recurrence With Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA)
NCT06008977 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation
Exercise to Boost Response to Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy
Phase II Study of Neoadjuvant Ipilimumab/Nivolumab for Patients With Recurrent, High Risk, Resectable Melanoma
Primary Ipilimumab and Nivolumab Combo-immunotherapy Followed by Adjuvant Nivolumab in Locally Advanced or Limited Metastatic Melanoma
Who cites it
1,078 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sex, Timing, and Outcomes of Curative-Intent Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2026Pooled it
- Cancer-related fatigue during treatment with neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Dabrafenib and trametinib vs anti-PD(L)1 for the adjuvant treatment of locally advanced BRAF-mutant melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The oncologist · 2025Pooled it
- A comparison of real-world data on adjuvant treatment in patients with stage III BRAF V600 mutated melanoma - Results of systematic literature research.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2025Pooled it
- Cutaneous melanoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2025Guideline
- A comprehensive review and case series of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies in acral melanoma with emerging insights from CT DNA testing.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- A phase II peri-operative study of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib for mucosal melanoma.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Adjuvant recombinant human endostatin combined with toripalimab (anti-PD-1) in locally advanced melanoma: an exploratory phase 2 clinical trial incorporating single-cell RNA/TCR/BCR sequencing.Molecular cancer · 2026Trial
- Atezolizumab plus FOLFOX for Stage III Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colon Cancer.The New England journal of medicine · 2026Trial
- Adjuvant nivolumab and relatlimab in stage III/IV melanoma: the randomized phase 3 RELATIVITY-098 trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Neoadjuvant PD-1 and LAG-3-targeting bispecific antibody and other immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations in resectable melanoma: the randomized phase 1b/2 Morpheus-Melanoma trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Pretreatment and on-treatment ctDNA and tissue biomarkers predict recurrence in patients with stage IIIB-D/IV melanoma treated with adjuvant immunotherapy: CheckMate 915.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- Economic Evaluation of Inguinal Versus Ilio-inguinal Lymphadenectomy for Patients with Stage III Metastatic Melanoma to Groin Lymph Nodes: Evidence from the EAGLE FM Randomized Trial.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Trial
- Estimating Long-Term Survivorship Rates Among Patients With Resected Stage III/IV Melanoma: Analyses From CheckMate 238 and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 18071 Trials.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Trial
- Adjuvant Nivolumab for Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma at High Risk of Recurrence After Nephrectomy: Part B of the Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III CheckMate 914 Trial.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Trial
- Neoadjuvant vidutolimod and nivolumab in high-risk resectable melanoma: A prospective phase II trial.Cancer cell · 2024Trial
- Outcomes With Postrecurrence Systemic Therapy Following Adjuvant Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment for Resected Melanoma in CheckMate 238.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Trial
- Impact of adjuvant therapy on melanoma-specific survival in elderly patients with high-risk resected melanoma: a multicenter international retrospective study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Five-year survival with neoadjuvant therapy in melanoma: updated pooled analysis from the International Neoadjuvant Melanoma Consortium (INMC).Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Real-World Use of Adjuvant Nivolumab for Resected Stage III-IV Melanoma: 2-Year Analysis of AdjuMel.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Article
1,018 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
35 authors.
Jeffrey WeberFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Mario MandalaFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Michele Del VecchioFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Helen J GogasFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Ana M AranceFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
C Lance CoweyFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Stéphane DalleFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Michael SchenkerFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Vanna Chiarion-SileniFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Ivan Marquez-RodasFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Jean-Jacques GrobFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Marcus O ButlerFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Mark R MiddletonFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Michele MaioFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Victoria AtkinsonFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Paola QueiroloFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Rene GonzalezFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Ragini R KudchadkarFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Michael SmylieFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Nicolas MeyerFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Laurent MortierFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Michael B AtkinsFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Georgina V LongFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Shailender BhatiaFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Celeste LebbéFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Piotr RutkowskiFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Kenji YokotaFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Naoya YamazakiFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Tae M KimFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Veerle de PrilFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Javier SabaterFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Anila QureshiFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
James LarkinFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
Paolo A AsciertoFrom New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York (J.W.); Papa Giovanni XXIII Cancer Center Hospital, Bergamo (M. Mandala), Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Milan (M.D.V.), Oncology Institute of Veneto Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua (V.C.-S.), Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena (M. Maio), Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa (P.Q.), and Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale, Naples (P.A.A.) - all in Italy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens (H.J.G.); Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona (A.M.A.), and General University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid (I.M.-R.) - both in Spain; Texas Oncology-Baylor Cancer Center, Dallas (C.L.C.); Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite (S.D.), Aix-Marseille University, Hospital de la Timone, Marseille (J.-J.G.), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Toulouse (N.M.), Université Lille, INSERM Unité 1189, CHU Lille, Lille (L.M.), and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Dermatology and Centres d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM Unité 976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris (C.L.) - all in France; Oncology Center Sf. Nectarie, Craiova, Romania (M. Schenker); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.), and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB (M. Smylie) - both in Canada; the Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford (M.R.M.), and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London (J.L.) - both in the United Kingdom; Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation and University of Queensland, Queensland, VIC (V.A.), and Melanoma Institute Australia, University of Sydney, and Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney (G.V.L.) - all in Australia; University of Colorado, Denver (R.G.); Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (R.R.K.); Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC (M.B.A.); University of Washington, Seattle (S.B.); Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya (K.Y.), and the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo (N.Y.) - both in Japan; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea (T.M.K.); and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (V.P, J.S., A.Q.).
CheckMate 238 Collaborators
Funding
Cancer Research UK 15951Cancer Research UK 18892Cancer Research UK 20613Cancer Research UK 22795Medical Research Council MR/P024351/1
Abstract
backgroundNivolumab and ipilimumab are immune checkpoint inhibitors that have been approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma. In the United States, ipilimumab has also been approved as adjuvant therapy for melanoma on the basis of recurrence-free and overall survival rates that were higher than those with placebo in a phase 3 trial. We wanted to determine the efficacy of nivolumab versus ipilimumab for adjuvant therapy in patients with resected advanced melanoma.
methodsIn this randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 906 patients (≥15 years of age) who were undergoing complete resection of stage IIIB, IIIC, or IV melanoma to receive an intravenous infusion of either nivolumab at a dose of 3 mg per kilogram of body weight every 2 weeks (453 patients) or ipilimumab at a dose of 10 mg per kilogram every 3 weeks for four doses and then every 12 weeks (453 patients). The patients were treated for a period of up to 1 year or until disease recurrence, a report of unacceptable toxic effects, or withdrawal of consent. The primary end point was recurrence-free survival in the intention-to-treat population.
resultsAt a minimum follow-up of 18 months, the 12-month rate of recurrence-free survival was 70.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.1 to 74.5) in the nivolumab group and 60.8% (95% CI, 56.0 to 65.2) in the ipilimumab group (hazard ratio for disease recurrence or death, 0.65; 97.56% CI, 0.51 to 0.83; P<0.001). Treatment-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events were reported in 14.4% of the patients in the nivolumab group and in 45.9% of those in the ipilimumab group; treatment was discontinued because of any adverse event in 9.7% and 42.6% of the patients, respectively. Two deaths (0.4%) related to toxic effects were reported in the ipilimumab group more than 100 days after treatment.
conclusionsAmong patients undergoing resection of stage IIIB, IIIC, or IV melanoma, adjuvant therapy with nivolumab resulted in significantly longer recurrence-free survival and a lower rate of grade 3 or 4 adverse events than adjuvant therapy with ipilimumab. (Funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Ono Pharmaceutical; CheckMate 238 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02388906 ; Eudra-CT number, 2014-002351-26 .).
Indexed as
Adjuvants, ImmunologicAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntibodies, MonoclonalAntineoplastic AgentsCutaneous Malignant MelanomaDisease-Free SurvivalDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansIpilimumabMaleMelanomaMiddle AgedAdjuvants, ImmunologicAntibodies, MonoclonalAntineoplastic AgentsIpilimumabNivolumab
Identifiers
PMID
28891423What OpenQuestion holds
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Registered trials
NCT02388906ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04013854ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05736523ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06008977ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06365619ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06566391ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.