ArticleReproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)2017
Androgens Upregulate Endometrial Epithelial Progesterone Receptor Expression: Potential Implications for Endometriosis.
Article in Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Progesterone Luteal Support in Natural Cycles for Unexplained Infertility: A Randomised Controlled Trial (The PiNC Trial).BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Trial
- Pathogenesis of Adenomyosis: An Integrated Review of Cellular Origins, Molecular Mechanisms, and Intersecting Diseases.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Obesity and Cancer: From Systemic Metabolic Reprogramming to Immunotherapy Paradox.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Multidimensional regulatory architecture of endometrial receptivity and its translational implications for implantation failure.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Targeting Cathepsin Z suppresses endometriosis via the AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy and apoptosis axis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Photoperiod-driven testicular DNA methylation in gonadotropin and sex steroid receptor promoters in Siberian hamsters.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2025Article
- Androgen signalling in the ovaries and endometrium.Molecular human reproduction · 2023Review
- Regulatory mechanisms of HMGB1 and its receptors in polycystic ovary syndrome-driven gravid uterine inflammation.The FEBS journal · 2023Article
- What Role do Androgens Play in Endometrial Cancer?Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Persistent dysregulation of genes in the development of endometriosis.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Sex Steroid Receptors in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endometriosis: Insights from Laboratory Studies to Clinical Trials.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- A multi-tissue transcriptomic landscape of female mice in estrus and diestrus provides clues for precision medicine.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Current Knowledge on Endometriosis Etiology: A Systematic Review of Literature.International journal of women's health · 2021Review
- Women with polycystic ovary syndrome present with altered endometrial expression of stanniocalcin-1†.Biology of reproduction · 2020Article
- Endometriosis Knowledgebase: a gene-based resource on endometriosis.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAndrogenic compounds have been implicated in induction of endometrial atrophy yet the mechanisms of androgen effects on human endometrium have not been well studied. We hypothesized that androgens may promote their endometrial effects via modulation of progesterone receptor (PR) expression.
methodsProliferative phase endometrial samples were collected at the time of hysterectomy. We evaluated the effect of the potent androgen 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on endometrial PR expression by treating human endometrial explants, endometrial stromal cells, and Ishikawa cells with DHT. Ishikawa cells were also treated with DHT ± the androgen receptor (AR) blocker flutamide. The PR-B, total PR messenger RNA (mRNA), and PR protein expression were assessed. Expression of cyclin D1 and D2 was checked as markers of cell proliferation.
resultsAs expected, estradiol induced PR expression in isolated stromal cells, endometrial epithelial cells, and tissue explants. The DHT treatment also resulted in increased PR expression in endometrial explants and Ishikawa cells but not in stromal cells. Further, protein levels of both nuclear PR isoforms (PR-A and PR-B) were induced with the DHT treatment. Although flutamide treatment alone did not affect PR expression, flutamide diminished androgen-induced upregulation of PR in both endometrial explants and Ishikawa cells. Although estradiol induced both cyclin D1 and cyclin D2 mRNA, DHT did not induce these markers of cell proliferation.
conclusionAndrogens may mediate endometrial effects through upregulation of PR gene and protein expression. Endometrial PR upregulation by androgens is mediated, at least in part, through AR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.