Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28890315›Full record

ArticleNeurobiology of disease2017

Subthalamic neural entropy is a feature of freezing of gait in freely moving people with Parkinson's disease.

Judy Syrkin-Nikolau, Mandy Miller Koop, Thomas Prieto, Chioma Anidi, Muhammad Furqan Afzal, Anca Velisar, Zack Blumenfeld, Talora Martin, Megan Trager, Helen Bronte-Stewart

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurobiology of disease, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01990313 (Neural Signatures of Tremor, Bradykinesia and Freezing in the Subthalamic Region on Parkinson's Disease and Their Acute and Long-Term Modulation by Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation.), which is not on this map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01990313 nacompletednot on this map

Neural Signatures of Tremor, Bradykinesia and Freezing in the Subthalamic Region on Parkinson's Disease and Their Acute and Long-Term Modulation by Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation.

TypeinterventionalSponsorStanford UniversityRan2013 to 2016Enrolled15ConditionsParkinson's DiseaseArmsActiva PC+S
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. The potential of utilizing Local Field Potential (LFP) in diagnosis and management of Parkinsonism's hallmark symptoms: a comprehensive review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Closing the loop in DBS: A data-driven approach.Parkinsonism & related disorders · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Unraveling the threads of stability: A review of the neurophysiology of postural control in Parkinson's disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Subthalamic Nucleus Activity during Cognitive Load and Gait Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Judy Syrkin-NikolauStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: jsyrkinn@stanford.edu.
Mandy Miller KoopStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: mkoop@stanford.edu.
Thomas PrietoStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: tprieto@stanfordhealthcare.org.
Chioma AnidiStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: canidi@stanford.edu.
Muhammad Furqan AfzalStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: furqan@stanford.edu.
Anca VelisarStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: avelisar@stanford.edu.
Zack BlumenfeldStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: zblumenf@usc.edu.
Talora MartinStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: talora@stanford.edu.
Megan TragerStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: mht2132@cumc.columbia.edu.
Helen Bronte-StewartStanford University, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Rm H3136, SUMC, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford University, Department of Neurosurgery, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: hbs@stanford.edu.
Stanford University · USStanford Health Care · US

Funding

Neural and Kinematic Features of Freezing of Gait for Adaptive NeurostimulationR21NS096398 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BRONTE-STEWART, HELEN · 2016 to 2017
$432k
NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS096398
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The goal of this study was to investigate subthalamic (STN) neural features of Freezers and Non-Freezers with Parkinson's disease (PD), while freely walking without freezing of gait (FOG) and during periods of FOG, which were better elicited during a novel turning and barrier gait task than during forward walking.

methodsSynchronous STN local field potentials (LFPs), shank angular velocities, and ground reaction forces were measured in fourteen PD subjects (eight Freezers) off medication, OFF deep brain stimulation (DBS), using an investigative, implanted, sensing neurostimulator (Activa® PC+S, Medtronic, Inc.). Tasks included standing still, instrumented forward walking, stepping in place on dual forceplates, and instrumented walking through a turning and barrier course.

resultsDuring locomotion without FOG, Freezers showed lower beta (13-30Hz) power (P=0.036) and greater beta Sample Entropy (P=0.032), than Non-Freezers, as well as greater gait asymmetry and arrhythmicity (P<0.05 for both). No differences in alpha/beta power and/or entropy were evident at rest. During periods of FOG, Freezers showed greater alpha (8-12Hz) Sample Entropy (P<0.001) than during walking without FOG.

conclusionsA novel turning and barrier course was superior to FW in eliciting FOG. Greater unpredictability in subthalamic beta rhythms was evident during stepping without freezing episodes in Freezers compared to Non-Freezers, whereas greater unpredictability in alpha rhythms was evident in Freezers during FOG. Non-linear analysis of dynamic neural signals during gait in freely moving people with PD may yield greater insight into the pathophysiology of FOG; whether the increases in STN entropy are causative or compensatory remains to be determined. Some beta LFP power may be useful for rhythmic, symmetric gait and DBS parameters, which completely attenuate STN beta power may worsen rather than improve FOG.

Indexed as

Alpha RhythmAntiparkinson AgentsBeta RhythmBiomechanical PhenomenaDeep Brain StimulationFemaleGait Disorders, NeurologicHumansLower ExtremityMaleMiddle AgedParkinson DiseaseSignal Processing, Computer-AssistedSubthalamic NucleusWalkingAntiparkinson AgentsBeta band oscillationsComplexityDeep brain stimulationFreezing of gaitParkinson's diseaseSample EntropySubthalamic nucleus

Identifiers

PMID28890315
PMCPMC6386531
OpenAlexW2752167926

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.