ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2017
Factors affecting workforce participation and healthy worker biases in U.S. women and men.
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Functional Limitations Among U.S.-born Older Adults: Examining the Role of Physically Demanding Work.Demography · 2025Article
- Do type, timing and duration of life course non-employment differentially predict dementia risk? An application of sequence analysis.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Healthy worker hire and survivor effects in a cohort of medical radiation workers.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Poor-quality employment and health: How a welfare regime typology with a gender lens Illuminates a different work-health relationship for men and women.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2021Article
- Article
- Pregnancy disorders in female workers at the industrial area of Sidoarjo, Indonesia.Journal of public health research · 2020Article
- Respiratory health, occupation and the healthy worker effect.Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
- Worker well-being in the United States: Finding variation across job categories.Preventive medicine reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate potential attenuation of healthy worker biases in populations in which healthy women of reproductive age opt out of the workforce to provide childcare.
methodsWe used 2013-2015 data from 120,928 U.S. women and men aged 22-44 years participating in the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index. We used logistic regression to estimate adjusted prevalence odds ratios (PORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between health and workforce nonparticipation.
resultsWomen and men reporting poor health were more likely to be out of the workforce than individuals reporting excellent health (POR: 3.7, 95% CI: 3.2-4.2; POR: 6.7, 95% CI: 5.7-7.8, respectively), suggesting potential for healthy worker bias. For women (P < .001) but not men (P = .30), the strength of this association was modified by number of children in the home: POR: 7.3 (95% CI: 5.8-9.1) for women with no children, decreasing to POR: 0.9 (95% CI: 0.6-1.5) for women with four or more children.
conclusionsThese results are consistent with attenuation of healthy worker biases when healthy women opt out of the workforce to provide childcare. Accordingly, we might expect the magnitude of these biases to vary with the proportion of women with differing numbers of children in the population.
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