ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2017
Pesticide Use and Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Agricultural Health Study.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic literature review of the epidemiology of glyphosate and neurological outcomes.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Associations between organophosphorus pesticides exposure and age-related macular degeneration risk in U.S. adults: analysis from interpretable machine learning approaches.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Machine learning model for age related macular degeneration based on pesticides: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2008.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association between urinary glyphosate levels and hand grip strength in a representative sample of US adults: NHANES 2013-2014.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Retinal Toxicity Induced by Chemical Agents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Temporal variability in urinary pesticide concentrations in repeated-spot and first-morning-void samples and its association with oxidative stress in healthy individuals.Environment international · 2019Article
- Prenatal exposure to the herbicide 2,4-D is associated with deficits in auditory processing during infancy.Environmental research · 2019Article
- Urinary concentrations and profiles of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticide metabolites and phenoxyacid herbicides in populations in eight countries.Environment international · 2018Article
- Dietary, environmental, and genetic risk factors of Extensive Macular Atrophy with Pseudodrusen, a severe bilateral macular atrophy of middle-aged patients.Scientific reports · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries. Few studies have investigated its relationship to environmental neurotoxicants. In previous cross-sectional studies, we found an association between pesticide use and self-reported retinal degeneration.
objectiveWe evaluated the association of pesticide use with physician-confirmed incident AMD.
methodsThe Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a prospective cohort of pesticide applicators and their spouses enrolled from 1993-1997 in Iowa and North Carolina. Cohort members reported lifetime use of 50 specific pesticides at enrollment. Self-reports of incident AMD during follow-up through 2007 were confirmed by reports from participants' physicians and by independent evaluation of retinal photographs provided by the physicians. Confirmed cases (
resultsAMD was associated with ever use of organochlorine [OR=2.7 (95% CI: 1.8, 4.0)] and organophosphate [OR=2.0 (95% CI: 1.3, 3.0)] insecticides and phenoxyacetate herbicides [OR=1.9 (95% CI: 1.2, 2.8)]. Specific pesticides consistently associated with AMD included chlordane, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), malathion, and captan; others with notable but slightly less consistent associations were heptachlor, diazinon, phorate, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Results were similar for men and women. Some specific pesticides were associated with both early- and late-stage AMD, but others were associated with only one stage.
conclusionsExposures to specific pesticides may be modifiable risk factors for AMD. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP793.
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