ArticleThe Korean journal of internal medicine2019
Higher glucagon-to-insulin ratio is associated with elevated glycated hemoglobin levels in type 2 diabetes patients.
Article in The Korean journal of internal medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fenofibrate Protects Against Antipsychotic-Induced Hyperglycemia Through Weight Loss and FGF21 Dependent Mechanisms.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Sex differences in glucose-regulating neurohormonal pathways-potential impact for type 2 diabetes development.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Regulation and clinical manifestations of gluconeogenesis dysfunction.npj metabolic health and disease · 2026Review
- Glucagon change rate after glucose load: a potential key for tailoring treatment in gestational diabetes mellitus.Diabetology international · 2025Article
- Effects of protein intake on glucagon, insulin, and glucose dynamics: implications for diabetes.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2025Review
- Article
- Mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction in α cells and hyperglucagonemia in type 2 diabetes via SIRT1/FoxO3a signaling.Stem cells translational medicine · 2024Article
- Lowest Glucagon/Highest C-Peptide in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: Clinical Utility in Monitoring Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Regulation of Macronutrients in Insulin Resistance and Glucose Homeostasis during Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Association of Glucagon to Insulin Ratio and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Diabetes Mellitus in Pancreatic Cancer: A Distinct Approach to Older Subjects with New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus.Cancers · 2023Review
- Glucagon is associated with NAFLD inflammatory progression in type 2 diabetes, not with NAFLD fibrotic progression.European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021Article
- The Change in Glucagon Following Meal Ingestion Is Associated with Glycemic Control, but Not with Incretin, in People with Diabetes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Functional Status of PancreaticInternational journal of endocrinology · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsThe importance of α-cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes has re-emerged recently. However, data on whether relative glucagon excess is present in clinical settings are scarce. We aimed to investigate associations between glucagon-to-insulin ratio and various metabolic parameters.
methodsA total of 451 patients with type 2 diabetes naïve to insulin treatment were recruited. Using glucagon-to-insulin ratio, we divided subjects into quartiles according to both fasting and postprandial glucagon-to-insulin ratios.
resultsThe mean age of the subjects was 58 years, with a mean body mass index of 25 kg/m2 . The patients in the highest quartile of glucagon-to-insulin ratio had higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. HbA1c levels were positively correlated with both fasting and postprandial glucagon-to-insulin ratios. Subjects in the highest quartile of postprandial glucagon-to-insulin ratio were more likely to exhibit uncontrolled hyperglycemia, even after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratio, 2.730; 95% confidence interval, 1.236 to 6.028; p for trend < 0.01).
conclusionHyperglucagonemia relative to insulin could contribute to uncontrolled hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.