ArticleScientific reports2017
The immunosuppressive effect of the tick protein, Salp15, is long-lasting and persists in a murine model of hematopoietic transplant.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acquired tick resistance inInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Borrelia surface proteins: new horizons in Lyme disease diagnosis.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Ticks' tricks: immunomodulatory effects of ixodid tick saliva at the cutaneous tick-host interface.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Antibody-mediated immunological memory correlates with long-term Lyme veterinary vaccine protection in mice.Vaccine · 2024Article
- Tick saliva and its role in pathogen transmission.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2023Article
- Tick feeding modulates the human skin immune landscape to facilitate tick-borne pathogen transmission.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Article
- Structural Analysis of the Black-Legged Tick Saliva Protein Salp15.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Potential Mechanisms of Transmission of Tick-Borne Viruses at the Virus-Tick Interface.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- The Brilliance ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- AeMOPE-1, a Novel Salivary Peptide FromFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Lyme Disease in Humans.Current issues in molecular biology · 2021Article
- Tick Salivary Compounds for Targeted Immunomodulatory Therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Time to Micromanage the Pathogen-Host-Vector Interface: Considerations for Vaccine Development.Vaccines · 2019Review
- Salp15, a Multifunctional Protein From Tick Saliva With Potential Pharmaceutical Effects.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Deciphering Biological Processes at the Tick-Host Interface Opens New Strategies for Treatment of Human Diseases.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- The Use of Tick Salivary Proteins as Novel Therapeutics.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Salp15, a salivary protein of Ixodes ticks, inhibits the activation of naïve CD4 T cells. Treatment with Salp15 results in the inhibition of early signaling events and the production of the autocrine growth factor, interleukin-2. The fate of the CD4 T cells activated in the presence of Salp15 or its long-term effects are, however, unknown. We now show that Salp15 binding to CD4 is persistent and induces a long-lasting immunomodulatory effect. The activity of Salp15 results in sustained diminished cross-antigenic antibody production even after interruption of the treatment with the protein. Transcriptionally, the salivary protein provokes an acute effect that includes known activation markers, such as Il2 or Cd44, and that fades over time. The long-term effects exerted by Salp15 do not involve the induction of either anergy traits nor increased populations of regulatory T cells. Similarly, the treatment with Salp15 does not result in B cell anergy or the generation of myeloid suppressor cells. However, Salp15 induces the increased expression of the ectoenzyme, CD73, in regulatory T cells and increased production of adenosine. Our study provides a profound characterization of the immunomodulatory activity of Salp15 and suggests that its long-term effects are due to the specific regulation of CD73.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.