ArticlePloS one2017
Rosmarinic acid potentiates carnosic acid induced apoptosis in lung fibroblasts.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Herbal Polyphenolic Mixtures as Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Agents in Respiratory Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Comparison of Selected Pro-Health Biologically Active Chemical Compounds inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Insights into Chemopreventive Effects of Rosmarinic Acid Against Aflatoxin B1-Induced Genotoxic Effects.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Potential and Mechanisms of Rosmarinic Acid and the Extracts of Lamiaceae Plants for the Treatment of Fibrosis of Various Organs.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Rosmarinic Acid Alleviates Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Downregulating the tRNA N7-Methylguanosine Modification-Regulated Fibroblast-to-Myofibroblast Transition Through the Exosome Pathway.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Anti-pulmonary fibrosis activity analysis of methyl rosmarinate obtained fromFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- A systematic review of the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine against pulmonary fibrosis: from a pharmacological perspective.Chinese medicine · 2023Review
- Physiopathological Mechanisms Involved in the Progression of Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Systematic Review.Tanaffos · 2022Review
- Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Hesperetin attenuates silica-induced lung injury by reducing oxidative damage and inflammatory response.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Glycosylation of proteins of human skin fibroblasts is changed by rosmarinic acid.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2020Article
- Lemon Balm Extracts Prevent Breast Cancer ProgressionEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2020Article
- Characterization of Phenolic Compounds and Antiproliferative Effects ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by over-population and excessive activation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts disrupting normal lung structure and functioning. Rosemary extract rich in carnosic acid (CA) and rosmarinic acid (RA) was reported to cure bleomycin-(BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. We demonstrate that CA decreased human lung fibroblast (HLF) viability with IC50 value of 17.13±1.06 μM, while RA had no cytotoxic effect. In the presence of 50 μM of RA, dose-response for CA shifted to IC50 value of 11.70±1.46 μM, indicating synergic action. TGFβ-transformed HLF, rat lung fibroblasts and L929 cells presented similar sensitivity to CA and CA+RA (20μM+100μM, respectively) treatment. Rat alveolar epithelial cells died only under CA+RA treatment, while A549 cells were not affected. Annexin V staining and DNA quantification suggested that HLF are arrested in G0/G1 cell cycle phase and undergo apoptosis. CA caused sustained activation of phospho-Akt and phospho-p38 expression and inhibition of p21 protein.Addition of RA potentiated these effects, while RA added alone had no action.Only triple combination of inhibitors (MAPK-p38, pan-caspase, PI3K/Akt/autophagy) partially attenuated apoptosis; this suggests that cytotoxicity of CA+RA treatment has a complex mechanism involving several parallel signaling pathways. The in vivo antifibrotic effect of CA and RA was compared with that of Vitamine-E in BLM-induced fibrosis model in rats. We found comparable reduction in fibrosis score by CA, RA and CA+RA, attenuation of collagen deposition and normalization of oxidative stress markers. In conclusion, antifibrotic effect of CA+RA is due to synergistic pro-apoptotic action on lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.