ArticlePloS one2017
Genetic and antigenic characterization of influenza A(H3N2) in Cameroon during the 2014-2016 influenza seasons.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- The epidemiology of seasonal influenza after the 2009 influenza pandemic in Africa: a systematic review.African health sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Evolving Dynamics of Whole-Genome Influenza A/H3N2 Viruses Isolated in Cameroon.Advances in virology · 2025Article
- Local patterns of spread of influenza A H3N2 virus in coastal Kenya over a 1-year period revealed through virus sequence data.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Molecular Determinants of Drug Resistance and Mutation Patterns in Influenza Viruses Circulating in Poland Across Multiple Epidemic Seasons: Implications for Vaccination Strategies.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2024Article
- Genomic Analyses Uncover Evolutionary Features of Influenza A/H3N2 Viruses in Yunnan Province, China, from 2017 to 2022.Viruses · 2024Article
- Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Dynamics of Human Influenza Type-A Viruses in Africa: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Genetic characterization of influenza A(H3N2) viruses circulating in coastal Kenya, 2009-2017.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2020Article
- Strengthening timely detection and reporting of unusual respiratory events from health facilities in Yaoundé, Cameroon.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2020Article
- Article
- Co-circulation and persistence of multiple A/H3N2 influenza variants in China.Emerging microbes & infections · 2019Article
- Article
- Molecular characterization of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Cameroon during the 2014-2016 influenza seasons.PloS one · 2019Article
- A Multiplex Asymmetric Reverse Transcription-PCR Assay Combined With an Electrochemical DNA Sensor for Simultaneously Detecting and Subtyping Influenza A Viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The first outbreak of influenza A(H3N2) occurred in 1968 and caused the third flu pandemic of the 20th century. It has affected multiple countries over time. The best strategy to reduce the burden of influenza is through vaccination whose efficacy varies with respect to the circulating strains. This study was performed to better understand the molecular evolution of influenza A(H3N2) and assess vaccine efficacy in Cameroon. Complete sequences of three gene segments were obtained from 2014 to 2016 influenza seasons in Cameroon. Hemagglutinin (HA), Neuraminidase (NA) and matrix (M) genes of 35 A(H3N2) virus strains were amplified and sequenced. Predicted vaccine efficacy was measured using the Pepitope model. Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene showed that all Cameroonian strains had evolved away from the 3C.1-A/Texas/50/2012-like clade. Globally, 2014 virus strains clustered with the 2015-2016 vaccine strain, 3C.3a-A/Switzerland/9715293/2013, whereas 2015 and 2016 virus strains clustered with the 2016-2017 vaccine strain, 3C.2a-A/HongKong/4801/2014. In order to determine the genotypic drug susceptibility to neuraminidase inhibitors and amantadine, the NA and M2 protein coding sequences were analyzed. There was no strain with characteristic mutation for resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors, per contra; all strains possessed the substitution S31N, peculiar of resistance to adamantanes. There was drift in influenza A(H3N2) dominant epitopes B (2014 and 2015) to epitopes A (2016) with a theoretical efficiency in vaccine ranging from low to moderate. The presence of several antigenic site mutations among H3N2 virus strains between 2014-2016 influenza seasons in Cameroon confirms the progressing evolution of circulating H3N2 strains.
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