ArticleMolecular neurobiology2018
Changes in Tryptophan Catabolite (TRYCAT) Pathway Patterning Are Associated with Mild Impairments in Declarative Memory in Schizophrenia and Deficits in Semantic and Episodic Memory Coupled with Increased False-Memory Creation in Deficit Schizophrenia.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03788759 (Alpha-lipoic Acid Adjunctive Therapy in Schizophrenia), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Alpha-lipoic Acid Adjunctive Therapy in Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Importance of the dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway on cognition in schizophrenia: a systematic review of clinical studies.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in COVID-19 and critical COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Pooled it
- One-day tropisetron treatment improves cognitive deficits and P50 inhibition deficits in schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Sex-specific association of IDO1 gene with schizophrenia and imbalanced levels of cytokines and neuroactive kynurenine metabolites in relapsed patients.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Memory and learning impairments in deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia: a scoping review.Postepy psychiatrii neurologii · 2026Review
- Lactobacillus Johnsonii YH1136 alleviates schizophrenia-like behavior in mice: a gut-microbiota-brain axis hypothesis study.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Mediation-adjusted multivariable Mendelian randomisation study identified novel metabolites related to mental health.BMJ mental health · 2024Article
- Association of P50 with social function, but not with cognition in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Fast adaptation to rule switching using neuronal surprise.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Sex difference in association between cognitive and P50 deficits in patients with chronic schizophrenia.Archives of women's mental health · 2023Article
- A Preliminary Comparison of Plasma Tryptophan Metabolites and Medium- and Long-Chain Fatty Acids in Adult Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Schizophrenia.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Inflammatory and Oxidative Pathways Are New Drug Targets in Multiple Episode Schizophrenia and Leaky Gut, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and C1q Immune Complexes Are Additional Drug Targets in First Episode Schizophrenia.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- In schizophrenia, non-remitters and partial remitters to treatment with antipsychotics are qualitatively distinct classes with respect to neurocognitive deficits and neuro-immune biomarkers: results of soft independent modeling of class analogy.Metabolic brain disease · 2021Article
- Chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia-like symptoms are an integral component of the phenome of schizophrenia: neuro-immune and opioid system correlates.Metabolic brain disease · 2021Article
- False Dogmas in Schizophrenia Research: Toward the Reification of Pathway Phenotypes and Pathway Classes.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- The Endogenous Opioid System in Schizophrenia and Treatment Resistant Schizophrenia: Increased Plasma Endomorphin 2, and κ and μ Opioid Receptors Are Associated with Interleukin-6.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Increased Levels of Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Mediate Schizophrenia Symptom Dimensions and Neurocognitive Impairments and Are Inversely Associated with Natural IgM Directed to Malondialdehyde and Paraoxonase 1 Activity.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- The Neuroimmune and Neurotoxic Fingerprint of Major Neurocognitive Psychosis or Deficit Schizophrenia: a Supervised Machine Learning Study.Neurotoxicity research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Evidence indicates that schizophrenia and in particular negative symptoms and deficit schizophrenia are accompanied by neurocognitive impairments and changes in the patterning of the tryptophan catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway. This cross-sectional study was carried out to examine the associations between cognitive functions (as measured with Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD)) and TRYCAT pathway patterning in patients with (n = 40) and without (n = 40) deficit schizophrenia and normal controls (n = 40). Cognitive measures were assessed with the Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), Boston Naming Test (BNT), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Word List Memory (WLM), Constructional Praxis, Word List Recall (WLRecall), and Word List Recognition (WLRecognition), while TRYCAT measurements assessed the IgA/IgM responses to noxious TRYCATs, namely quinolinic acid (QA), 3-OH-kynurenine (3HK), picolinic acid (PA), and xanthurenic (XA) acid, and more protective (PRO) TRYCATs, including kynurenic acid (KA) and anthranilic acid (AA). IgA NOX/PRO, IgM KA/3HK, and IgA/IgM NOX/PRO ratios were computed. Schizophrenia was accompanied by lower VFT and WLM, while BNT (dysnomia) and MMSE are significantly lower in multiple- than first-episode schizophrenia. Deficit schizophrenia is strongly associated with worse outcomes on VFT, MMSE, WLM, WLRecall, WLRecognition, and delayed recall savings and increased false memories. Around 40-50% of the variance in negative symptoms' scores was explained by VFT, WLM, WLRecall, and MMSE. Increases in IgA NOX/PRO, IgM KA/3HK, and/or IgA/IgM NOX/PRO ratios were associated with impairments in VFT, BNT, MMSE, WLM, WLRecall, WLRecognition, and false-memory creation. In conclusion, nondeficit schizophrenia is accompanied by mild memory impairments, while disease progression is accompanied by broader cognitive impairments. Deficit schizophrenia and negative symptoms are strongly associated with deficits in working memory, delayed recall and recognition, and increased false-memory creation. These cognitive impairments and memory deficits are in part explained by increased production and/or attenuated regulation of TRYCATs with neurotoxic, excitotoxic, immune-inflammatory, oxidative, and nitrosative potential, which may contribute to neuroprogression.
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