ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2018
The STAT3 inhibitor pyrimethamine displays anti-cancer and immune stimulatory effects in murine models of breast cancer.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of STAT3 signaling pathway in breast cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2020Pooled it
- STAT3 as a potential therapeutic target in triple negative breast cancer: a systematic review.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2019Pooled it
- Targeting STAT3 in Breast Cancer Using Innovative Natural and Synthetic Scaffolds to Trigger Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Halt Tumor Progression.Current drug targets · 2026Review
- STAT3 axis in cancer and cancer stem cells: From oncogenesis to targeted therapies.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer · 2025Review
- Synergistic activity of RSL3 and Pyrimethamine to inhibit the proliferation ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Pyrimethamine Triggers the Apoptotic Pathway in Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma in Cell-Based Models.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2025Article
- Machine learning-based integration develops relapse related signature for predicting prognosis and indicating immune microenvironment infiltration in breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Oncogenic STAT Transcription Factors as Targets for Cancer Therapy: Innovative Strategies and Clinical Translation.Cancers · 2024Review
- Pyrimethamine upregulates BNIP3 to interfere SNARE-mediated autophagosome-lysosomal fusion in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Article
- Unraveling the complexity of STAT3 in cancer: molecular understanding and drug discovery.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Review
- Article
- Potential therapeutic targets of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Pyrimethamine reduced tumour growth in pre-clinical cancer models: a systematic review to identify potential pre-clinical studies for subsequent human clinical trials.Biology methods & protocols · 2024Review
- Computational workflow for discovering small molecular binders for shallow binding sites by integrating molecular dynamics simulation, pharmacophore modeling, and machine learning: STAT3 as case study.Journal of computer-aided molecular design · 2023Article
- PKCι induces differential phosphorylation of STAT3 to modify STAT3-related signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2023Article
- Repurposing approved non-oncology drugs for cancer therapy: a comprehensive review of mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical prospects.European journal of medical research · 2023Review
- Breast cancer tumor microenvironment affects Treg/IL-17-producing Treg/Th17 cell axis: Molecular and therapeutic perspectives.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2023Review
- Discovery of new STAT3 inhibitors as anticancer agents using ligand-receptor contact fingerprints and docking-augmented machine learning.RSC advances · 2023Article
- Cycloguanil and Analogues Potently Target DHFR in Cancer Cells to Elicit Anti-Cancer Activity.Metabolites · 2023Article
- JAK-STAT Signaling in Inflammatory Breast Cancer Enables Chemotherapy-Resistant Cell States.Cancer research · 2023Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The transcription factor signal activator and transducer or transcription (STAT3), which regulates genes controlling proliferation, survival, and invasion, is activated inappropriately in many human cancers, including breast cancer. Activation of STAT3 can lead to both malignant cellular behavior and suppression of immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment. Through a chemical-biology screen, pyrimethamine (PYR), an FDA approved anti-microbial drug, was identified as an inhibitor of STAT3 function at concentrations known to be achieved safely in humans. We report that PYR shows therapeutic activity in two independent mouse models of breast cancer, with both direct tumor inhibitory and immune stimulatory effects. PYR-inhibited STAT3 activity in TUBO and TM40D-MB metastatic breast cancer cells in vitro and inhibited tumor cell proliferation and invasion into Matrigel basement membrane matrix. In tumor-transplanted mice, PYR had both direct and indirect tumor inhibitory effects. Tumor-bearing mice treated with PYR showed reduced STAT3 activation in tumor cells, attenuated tumor growth, and reduced tumor-associated inflammation. In addition, expression of Lamp1 by tumor infiltrating CD8
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.