ArticlePloS one2017
The direct healthcare costs associated with psychological distress and major depression: A population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06699719 (Feasibility, Efficacy, and Perceptions of an Online Writing Intervention in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Feasibility, Efficacy, and Perceptions of an Online Writing Intervention in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Multi-methods Study
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Strengthening the delivery of integrated physical health care for adults experiencing serious mental illness: a scoping review of interventions in mental health settings.Frontiers in health services · 2025Pooled it
- The excess costs of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2019Pooled it
- Targeted Child Mental Health Prevention and Parenting Support Within a Canadian Context: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the U.S.-Developed Family Check-Up®.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025Trial
- Psychological distress and trust in healthcare: individual perceptions and national contexts - a multilevel analysis.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- The social and healthcare burden of major depressive disorder in adults: an Italian observational cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Observational
- Increased risk of suicide after stroke: A population-based matched cohort study.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026Article
- Assessing the Incremental Health Care Utilization and Expenditures Associated With Serious Psychological Distress by Living Arrangements Among Older Adults.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2025Article
- Course of Mental Disorders in Early Cancer Survivorship in Relation to Socioeconomic Status: A Multi-Center Prospective Longitudinal Study (LUPE).Psycho-oncology · 2025Observational
- Therapeutic dose prediction of α5-GABA receptor modulation from simulated EEG of depression severity.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Excess costs of depression among a population-based older adults with chronic diseases in Singapore.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Observational
- Occupational Therapy and Public Safety Personnel: Return to Work Practices and Experiences.Canadian journal of occupational therapy. Revue canadienne d'ergotherapie · 2024Article
- Patterns, predictors, and patient-reported reasons for antidepressant discontinuation in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys.Psychological medicine · 2024Review
- Patients With Depression and/or Anxiety Having Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Show Decreased Number of Prescriptions and Number of Psychotherapy Sessions in the Year After Surgery.Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association · 2023Article
- Healthcare costs and effects of post-COVID-19 condition in Canada.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- In-silico EEG biomarkers of reduced inhibition in human cortical microcircuits in depression.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Assessing the Smallest Detectable Change of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale Score in an Adult Population in Japan.Psychology research and behavior management · 2023Article
- Article
- Longitudinal Association of Physical Activity, Mastery and Psychological Distress in Mid-Aged Adults over 9-Years.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Determinants of effective treatment coverage for major depressive disorder in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys.International journal of mental health systems · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The objective of our study was to estimate direct healthcare costs incurred by a population-based sample of people with psychological distress or depression. We used the 2002 Canadian Community Health Survey on Mental Health and Well Being and categorized individuals as having psychological distress using the Kessler-6, major depressive disorder (MDD) using DSM-IV criteria and a comparison group of participants without MDD or psychological distress. Costs in 2013 USD were estimated by linking individuals to health administrative databases and following them until March 31, 2013. Our sample consisted of 9,965 individuals, of whom 651 and 409 had psychological distress and MDD, respectively. Although the age-and-sex adjusted per-capita costs were similarly high among the psychologically distressed ($3,364, 95% CI: $2,791, $3,937) and those with MDD ($3,210, 95% CI: $2,413, $4,008) compared to the comparison group ($2,629, 95% CI: $2,312, $2,945), the population-wide excess costs for psychological distress ($441 million) were more than twice that for MDD ($210 million) as there was a greater number of people with psychological distress than depression. We found substantial healthcare costs associated with psychological distress and depression, suggesting that psychological distress and MDD have a high cost burden and there may be public health intervention opportunities to relieve distress. Further research examining how individuals with these conditions use the healthcare system may provide insight into the allocation of limited healthcare resources while maintaining high quality care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.