ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2017
Social determinants of influenza hospitalization in the United States.
Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Spatial distribution and driving factors of the associations between temperature and influenza-like illness in the United States: a time-stratified case-crossover study.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- The association between socioeconomic status and pandemic influenza: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2020Pooled it
- Associations Between Community Social Vulnerability or Socioeconomic Deprivation and Respiratory Virus Infection in Decedents in a Large, Urban Medical Examiner's Office.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Adaptive immune responses to vaccination reflect social status at first exposure in female rhesus macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Early lymph node T follicular helper cell signalling hub drives influenza vaccine response in an ancestrally diverse cohort.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Changing socioeconomic inequalities in the incidence and case fatality rates of COVID-19 in Germany, March 2020 through May 2022: an ecological study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Neighborhood Disparities in Influenza and Influenza like Illness Hospitalization During Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The Burden of HMPV- and Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations in Adults in New Zealand Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2012-2023.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Influenza-Associated Outcomes and Healthcare Utilization by Race and Ethnicity in the USA: a Retrospective Cohort Study Using the National Inpatient Sample Database.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Influenza Vaccination, Household Composition, and Race-Based Differences in Influenza Incidence: An Agent-Based Modeling Study.American journal of public health · 2025Article
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- Social Vulnerability, Intervention Utilization, and Outcomes in US Adults Hospitalized With Influenza.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalizations Associated With Social Vulnerability by Census Tract: An Opportunity for Intervention?Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Uptake and Equity in Influenza Vaccination Among Veterans with VA Coverage, Veterans Without VA Coverage, and Non-Veterans in the USA, 2019-2020.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
- Financial constraint and perceptions of COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Hospitalizations in Brazil according to National Health Survey estimates, 2013 and 2019.Revista de saude publica · 2023Article
- Vital Signs: Influenza Hospitalizations and Vaccination Coverage by Race and Ethnicity-United States, 2009-10 Through 2021-22 Influenza Seasons.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2022Article
- Rates of Severe Influenza-Associated Outcomes Among Older Adults Living With Diabetes-Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), 2012-2017.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInfluenza hospitalizations result in substantial morbidity and mortality each year. Little is known about the association between influenza hospitalization and census tract-based socioeconomic determinants beyond the effect of individual factors.
objectiveTo evaluate whether census tract-based determinants such as poverty and household crowding would contribute significantly to the risk of influenza hospitalization above and beyond individual-level determinants.
methodsWe analyzed 33 515 laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations that occurred during the 2009-2010 through 2013-2014 influenza seasons using a population-based surveillance system at 14 sites across the United States.
resultsUsing a multilevel regression model, we found that individual factors were associated with influenza hospitalization with the highest adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 9.20 (95% CI 8.72-9.70) for those ≥65 vs 5-17 years old. African Americans had an AOR of 1.67 (95% CI 1.60-1.73) compared to Whites, and Hispanics had an AOR of 1.21 (95% CI 1.16-1.26) compared to non-Hispanics. Among census tract-based determinants, those living in a tract with ≥20% vs <5% of persons living below poverty had an AOR of 1.31 (95% CI 1.16-1.47), those living in a tract with ≥5% vs <5% of persons living in crowded conditions had an AOR of 1.17 (95% CI 1.11-1.23), and those living in a tract with ≥40% vs <5% female heads of household had an AOR of 1.32 (95% CI 1.25-1.40).
conclusionCensus tract-based determinants account for 11% of the variability in influenza hospitalization.
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