ArticleScientific reports2017
The immunologic advantage of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma from the viewpoint of Galectin-9/Tim-3-related changes in the tumour microenvironment.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms and therapeutic implications of galectins regulating Epstein-Barr virus infection.Virus research · 2026Review
- Article
- CircPPP1CB subtype, hsa_circ_0007439, promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by upregulating KRT1.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Anti-PD-1 antibody with or without capecitabine as maintenance therapy after first-line therapy of recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Epstein-Barr virus mRNA vaccine synergizes with NK cells to enhance nasopharyngeal carcinoma eradication in humanized mice.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Article
- Anti-programmed death-1 inhibitors and nimotuzumab in combination with induction chemotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a propensity score-matched analysis.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2025Article
- Revisiting Multi-Omics Data to Unravel Galectins as Prognostic Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- The role of galectins in mediating the adhesion of circulating cells to vascular endothelium.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles derived from nasopharyngeal carcinoma induce the emergence of mature regulatory dendritic cells using a galectin-9 dependent mechanism.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2023Article
- Precision medicine in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comprehensive review of past, present, and future prospect.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Immunotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Current status and prospects (Review).International journal of oncology · 2023Review
- Galectin-9 and myeloid-derived suppressor cell as prognostic indicators for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals NK cell exhaustion and unique tumor cell evolutionary trajectory in non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- A novel anti-galectin-9 immunotherapy limits the early progression of pancreatic neoplastic lesions in transgenic mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Galectin-9 in cancer therapy: from immune checkpoint ligand to promising therapeutic target.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Revealing the crosstalk between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Review
- Transcriptomic profiling revealed FZD10 as a novel biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma recurrence.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Current status and advances of immunotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2022Review
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Microenvironment: Past, Current, and Future Perspectives.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Given salvage treatment for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains a clinical dilemma, immunotherapy targeting NPC-specific immunosuppression may bring new hope. We analyzed the expression of CD8, CD4, Foxp3 and Tim-3 in lymphocytes, and of Galectin-9 in tumour cells between paired primary and recurrent NPC from 95 patients and we noted that there was significant increase in the expression of Galectin-9+ tumour cells (p < 0.001) and Foxp3+ lymphocytes (p < 0.001) but a significant decrease in the expression of CD8+ lymphocytes (p = 0.01) between paired primary and recurrent NPC. Of all patients, 53 patients (55.79%) and 57 patients (60%) had increased percentages of Galectin-9+ tumour cells and of Foxp3+ lymphocytes, respectively. Conversely, 42 patients (44.21%) had decreased percentages of CD8+ lymphocytes. The patients with high Galectin-9 expression in recurrent NPC frequently also had high Tim-3 (p = 0.04) and Foxp3 (p = 0.01), and low CD8 (p = 0.04) expression in lymphocytes. After multivariate analyses, low CD8 expression in lymphocytes was an independent risk factor for relapse-free survival (p = 0.002) and overall survival (p = 0.02). Our data suggests that recurrent NPC may had more immunologic advantage than primary NPC, especially the Galectin-9/Tim-3 pathway. The immunotherapies targeting Galectin-9/Tim-3/Foxp3 interaction may serve as a potential salvage treatment for recurrent NPC.
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