ArticleBulletin of the World Health Organization2017
Estimated economic impact of vaccinations in 73 low- and middle-income countries, 2001-2020.
Article in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- Community Engagement in Vaccination Promotion: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Strengthening vaccination delivery system resilience in the context of protracted humanitarian crisis: a realist-informed systematic review.BMC health services research · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A need to raise the bar - A systematic review of temporal trends in diagnostics for Japanese encephalitis virus infection, and perspectives for future research.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Estimates of case-fatality ratios of measles in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and modelling analysis.The Lancet. Global health · 2019Pooled it
- Systematic review of the incremental costs of interventions that increase immunization coverage.Vaccine · 2018Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Factors associated with influenza vaccine uptake and intention among public transportation drivers: A cross-sectional study from Lebanon.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Descriptive analysis of routine childhood vaccination coverage of selected vaccines in Nigeria (1980-2023) using the Global Burden of Disease Study (2023).Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Japanese encephalitis: Current status, recent progress, and persistent challenges.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- A cost-benefit analysis of adult immunization programs across ten countries: Modeling the socioeconomic value of immunization for older populations compared to no vaccination.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Disease and Economic Burden Averted by Hib Vaccination in 160 Countries: A Machine-Learning Analysis.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Health economics and vaccine financing in the eastern Mediterranean region: A needs assessment.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Health Technology Assessment of mRNA Vaccines: Clinical, Economic, and Public Health Implications.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Vaccines in cancer treatment and prevention: the time is now.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Path to full immunisation coverage, role of each vaccine and their importance in the immunisation programme: a cross-sectional analytical study of India.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Modelling the potential impact of global hepatitis B vaccination on the burden of chronic hepatitis B in the United States.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2024Article
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on routine childhood vaccinations.World journal of virology · 2024Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 11 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the economic impact likely to be achieved by efforts to vaccinate against 10 vaccine-preventable diseases between 2001 and 2020 in 73 low- and middle-income countries largely supported by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance.
methodsWe used health impact models to estimate the economic impact of achieving forecasted coverages for vaccination against
findingsWe estimated that, in the 73 countries, vaccinations given between 2001 and 2020 will avert over 20 million deaths and save US$ 350 billion in cost of illness. The deaths and disability prevented by vaccinations given during the two decades will result in estimated lifelong productivity gains totalling US$ 330 billion and US$ 9 billion, respectively. Over the lifetimes of the vaccinated cohorts, the same vaccinations will save an estimated US$ 5 billion in treatment costs. The broader economic and social value of these vaccinations is estimated at US$ 820 billion.
conclusionBy preventing significant costs and potentially increasing economic productivity among some of the world's poorest countries, the impact of immunization goes well beyond health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.