ArticlePhysiological reports2017
Phagocytosis and Inflammation: Exploring the effects of the components of E-cigarette vapor on macrophages.
Article in Physiological reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lung Damage Caused by Heated Tobacco Products and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Electronic cigarette use and risk of incident rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus in the all of us research program.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2026Article
- Impact of E-Liquids on Phagocytosis, Escape and Invasion ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The triple-hit hypothesis: exploring pulmonary e-cigarette, PMEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Impact of e-cigarette vaping on the immune system across the body.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Vaping and Tuberculosis: An Overlooked Risk in High-Burden South Asian Countries.Public health challenges · 2026Article
- Cytotoxic and oxidative effects of commercially available propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG): Common humectants in electronic cigarettes.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- E-Cigarette effects on oral health: A molecular perspective.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2025Review
- Current perspective on e-cigarette use and respiratory outcomes: mechanisms and messaging.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2024Review
- Dual Exposure to E-Cigarette Vapour and Cigarette Smoke Results in Poorer Airway Cell, Monocyte, and Macrophage Function Than Single Exposure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Increased oxidative stress responses in murine macrophages exposed at the air-liquid interface to third- and fourth-generation electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) aerosols.Toxicology reports · 2023Article
- Lipid from electronic cigarette-aerosol both with and without nicotine induced pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and disrupted phagocytosis.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2023Article
- Do alternative tobacco products induce less adverse respiratory risk than cigarettes?Respiratory research · 2023Article
- Not all vaping is the same: differential pulmonary effects of vaping cannabidiol versus nicotine.Thorax · 2023Article
- Interplay between proteasome function and inflammatory responses in e-cig vapor condensate-challenged lung epithelial cells.Archives of toxicology · 2023Article
- Comparative study of the effects of cigarette smoke versus next-generation tobacco and nicotine product extracts on inflammatory biomarkers of human monocytes.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2023Article
- The controversial effect of smoking and nicotine in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2023Review
- A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study of Immunological and Microbiome Profiling Reveals Distinct Inflammatory Profiles for Smokers, Electronic Cigarette Users, and Never-Smokers.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- The relationship between the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and effects on pulmonary immune responses-a literature review.Environmental research · 2023Review
- Pro-inflammatory effects of aerosols from e-cigarette-derived flavoring chemicals on murine macrophages.Toxicology reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
E-cigarettes are perceived as harmless; however, evidence of their safety is lacking. New data suggests E-cigarettes discharge a range of compounds capable of physiological damage to users. We previously established that cigarette smoke caused defective alveolar macrophage phagocytosis. The present study compared the effect E-cigarette of components; E-liquid flavors, nicotine, vegetable glycerine, and propylene glycol on phagocytosis, proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and phagocytic recognition molecule expression using differentiated THP-1 macrophages. Similar to CSE, phagocytosis of NTHi bacteria was significantly decreased by E-liquid flavoring (11.65-15.75%) versus control (27.01%). Nicotine also decreased phagocytosis (15.26%). E-liquid, nicotine, and E-liquid+ nicotine reduced phagocytic recognition molecules; SR-A1 and TLR-2. IL-8 secretion increased with flavor and nicotine, while TNF
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.