ArticleGeroScience2017
A frailty index from common clinical and laboratory tests predicts increased risk of death across the life course.
Article in GeroScience, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The frailty index based on laboratory test data as a tool to investigate the impact of frailty on health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Age and ageing · 2023Pooled it
- Methods of Assessing Frailty in the Critically Ill: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature.Gerontology · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Dapagliflozin According to Frailty in Patients With Heart Failure: A Prespecified Analysis of the DELIVER Trial.Circulation · 2022Trial
- Can a Prebiotic Formulation Reduce Frailty Levels in Older People?The Journal of frailty & agingTrial
- Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and physical frailty with cardiovascular health in US adults: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Article
- How human and animal frailty index studies can inform each other: a brief narrative review.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the FI-Lab, a laboratory-based, automated frailty index for acute care: A multicohort study.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Association of the remnant cholesterol inflammatory index and frailty with cardiometabolic multimorbidity among Chinese middle-aged and elderly populations: a nationwide cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- The relationship between parity and late-life frailty: companion dogs as a preclinical model for evaluating factors that aggravate or mitigate the frailty cost of reproduction.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Joint association of the frailty index and phenotypic age with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A prospective cohort study.Journal of translational internal medicine · 2026Article
- Frailty status and mortality among patients with cardiometabolic diseases in an international multi-cohort study.iScience · 2026Article
- Frailty-related vulnerability and immune cell profiles in younger adults with schizophrenia: an exploratory study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Development of a laboratory-based frailty index for risk prediction in elderly trauma patients with hip fractures.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Heart Stress, Frailty and Mortality Risk in two prospective cohorts.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Frailty in acute coronary syndrome: From risk stratification to clinical decision-making.World journal of cardiology · 2026Review
- Frailty as a Key Determinant of Cardiovascular Risk and Mortality in Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry: A Nationally Representative Study.The clinical respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and frailty in adults aged ≥70 years: a cross-sectional study from Beijing, China.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of 48-h reassessment of a laboratory-derived frailty index in ICU patients with sepsis: model development in MIMIC-IV and external transport evaluation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical validation of a frailty management mHealth tool in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults: the Geras Fit-Frailty App.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Comparison of novel and traditional anthropometric indices: which is the best indicator of frailty in older adults?Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A frailty index (FI) based entirely on common clinical and laboratory tests might offer scientific advantages in understanding ageing and pragmatic advantages in screening. Our main objective was to compare an FI based on common laboratory tests with an FI based on self-reported data; we additionally investigated if the combination of subclinical deficits with clinical ones increased the ability of the FI to predict mortality. In this secondary analysis of the 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, 8888 individuals aged 20+ were evaluated. Three FIs were constructed: a 36-item FI using self-reported questionnaire data (FI-Self-report); a 32-item FI using data from laboratory test values plus pulse and blood pressure measures (FI-Lab); and a 68-item FI that combined all items from each index (FI-Combined). The mean FI-Lab score was 0.15 ± 0.09, the FI-Self-report was 0.11 ± 0.11 and FI-Combined was 0.13 ± 0.08. Each index showed some typical FI characteristics (skewed distribution with long right tail, non-linear increase with age). Even so, there were fewer people with low frailty levels and a slower increase with age for the FI-Lab compared to the FI-Self-report. Higher frailty level was associated with higher risk of death, although it was strongest at older ages. Both FI-Lab and FI-Self-report remained significant in a combined model predicting death. The FI-Lab was feasible and valid, demonstrating that even subclinical deficit accumulation increased mortality risk. This suggests that deficit accumulation, from the subcellular to the clinically visible is a useful construct that may advance our understanding of the ageing process.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.