Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28866674›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of nephrology2017

Association of Serum Potassium with All-Cause Mortality in Patients with and without Heart Failure, Chronic Kidney Disease, and/or Diabetes.

Allan J Collins, Bertram Pitt, Nancy Reaven, Susan Funk, Karen McGaughey, Daniel Wilson, David A Bushinsky

Open access · hybridAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of nephrology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 203 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
203citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
24.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

203 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 396 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Guideline
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Trial
  20. Serum potassium in the PARADIGM-HF trial.European journal of heart failure · 2020
    Trial

143 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Allan J CollinsNephrology Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Bertram Pitt
Nancy Reaven
Susan Funk
Karen McGaughey
Daniel Wilson
David A Bushinsky
California Polytechnic State University · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USUniversity of Minnesota · USUniversity of Rochester · USVifor Pharma (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe relationship between serum potassium, mortality, and conditions commonly associated with dyskalemias, such as heart failure (HF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and/or diabetes mellitus (DM) is largely unknown.

methodsWe reviewed electronic medical record data from a geographically diverse population (n = 911,698) receiving medical care, determined the distribution of serum potassium, and the relationship between an index potassium value and mortality over an 18-month period in those with and without HF, CKD, and/or DM. We examined the association between all-cause mortality and potassium using a cubic spline regression analysis in the total population, a control group, and in HF, CKD, DM, and a combined cohort.

results27.6% had a potassium <4.0 mEq/L, and 5.7% had a value ≥5.0 mEq/L. A U-shaped association was noted between serum potassium and mortality in all groups, with lowest all-cause mortality in controls with potassium values between 4.0 and <5.0 mEq/L. All-cause mortality rates per index potassium between 2.5 and 8.0 mEq/L were consistently greater with HF 22%, CKD 16.6%, and DM 6.6% vs. controls 1.2%, and highest in the combined cohort 29.7%. Higher mortality rates were noted in those aged ≥65 vs. 50-64 years. In an adjusted model, all-cause mortality was significantly elevated for every 0.1 mEq/L change in potassium <4.0 mEq/L and ≥5.0 mEq/L. Diuretics and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors were related to hypokalemia and hyperkalemia respectively.

conclusionMortality risk progressively increased with dyskalemia and was differentially greater in those with HF, CKD, or DM.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAge FactorsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsCause of DeathDiabetes MellitusDiureticsElectronic Health RecordsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlomerular Filtration RateHeart FailureHumansHyperkalemiaHypokalemiaMaleAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsDiureticsPotassiumChronic kidney diseaseDiabetesHeart failureHyperkalemiaHypokalemiaMortality

Identifiers

PMID28866674
PMCPMC5637309
OpenAlexW2751931046

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.