ArticleJournal of biomedical research2018
Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy.
Article in Journal of biomedical research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 149 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Brief Adjunctive Metformin Therapy in Virologically Suppressed HIV-Infected Adults on Polyfunctional HIV-Specific CD8 T Cell Responses to PD-L1 Blockade.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Trial
- Immunogenic Cell Death: Unlocking New Frontiers in Cancer Immunotherapy.Cancer innovation · 2026Review
- A human tumor-immune organoid model of glioblastoma.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Near Infrared Photoimmunotherapy for Lung Cancer: Recent Development and Perspective.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Review
- Rational design of D(+)-biotin-conjugated resorcinol dibenzyl ethers as tumor-targeted PD-L1 inhibitors for precision cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Precision Delivery of Active Compounds from Edible and Medicinal Plants via Gut Microbiota Targeting: A New Paradigm for Cancer Immunotherapy.Nutrients · 2025Review
- A Human Tumor-Immune Organoid Model of Glioblastoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Targeting exon mutations in NSCLC: clinical insights into LAG-3, TIM-3 pathways, and advances in fourth-generation EGFR-TKIs.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Repurposing hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) for colorectal cancer: a retrospective and single center study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Advancing Cancer Immunotherapy Using Lipid Nanoparticle-Based Approaches.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Nanobodies as innovative immune checkpoint modulators: advancing cancer immunotherapy.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- Glioblastoma and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Glance at Available Treatment Options and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Advances in Immunomodulatory Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Inflammatory and Cancer Therapies.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Spatial computational modelling illuminates the role of the tumour microenvironment for treating glioblastoma with immunotherapies.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2024Article
- Current Trends and Innovative Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Review
- Anticancer therapeutic strategies for targeting mutant p53-Y220C.Journal of biomedical research · 2024Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Male Fertility: Should Fertility Preservation Options Be Considered before Treatment?Cancers · 2024Review
- PD-1 signaling uncovers a pathogenic subset of T cells in inflammatory arthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Article
- Current Understanding of PCSK9 and Its Relevance to Cancer Prognosis and Immune Therapy: A Review.Iranian journal of pathology · 2024Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In recent years immune checkpoint inhibitors have garnered attention as being one of the most promising types of immunotherapy on the horizon. There has been particular focus on the immune checkpoint molecules, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) which have been shown to have potent immunomodulatory effects through their function as negative regulators of T cell activation. CTLA-4, through engagement with its ligands B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86), plays a pivotal role in attenuating the activation of naïve and memory T cells. In contrast, PD-1 is primarily involved in modulating T cell activity in peripheral tissues via its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2. The discovery of these negative regulators of the immune response was crucial in the development of checkpoint inhibitors. This shifted the focus from developing therapies that targeted activation of the host immune system against cancer to checkpoint inhibitors, which aimed to mediate tumor cell destruction through the removal of coinhibitory signals blocking anti-tumor T cell responses.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.