Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28866468›Full record

Trial reportJournal of dentistry2018

Topical silver diamine fluoride for dental caries arrest in preschool children: A randomized controlled trial and microbiological analysis of caries associated microbes and resistance gene expression.

Peter Milgrom, Jeremy A Horst, Sharity Ludwig, Marilynn Rothen, Benjamin W Chaffee, Svetlana Lyalina, Katherine S Pollard, Joseph L DeRisi, Lloyd Mancl

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialEquivalence Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of dentistry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04054635 (A Randomized Clinical Trial of Silver Diamine Fluoride to Arrest Early Childhood Caries in Young Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 53 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04054635 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Silver Diamine Fluoride to Arrest Early Childhood Caries in Young Children

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of ManitobaRan2019 to 2023Enrolled84ConditionsEarly Childhood CariesArmsSilver diamine fluoride
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Caries arrest effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride compared to alternative restorative technique: randomized clinical trial.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2021
    Trial
  13. Silver diamine fluoride for non-operative restorative treatment and prevention of dental caries.Canadian journal of dental hygiene : CJDH = Journal canadien de l'hygiene dentaire : JCHD · 2026
    Review
  14. Utilization of silver diamine fluoride by dentists in Canada: a review of the Non-Insured Health Benefits Dental Claims database.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Peter MilgromDepartment of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357475, Seattle, WA 98195-7475 USA. Electronic address: dfrc@uw.edu.
Jeremy A HorstDepartment of Biochemistry, University of California San Francisco,1700 4th Street, QB3 Room 404, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
Sharity LudwigAdvantage Dental Services, 442 SW Umatilla, Suite 200, Redmond, OR 97756 USA.
Marilynn RothenDepartment of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357475, Seattle, WA 98195-7475 USA; Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Regional Clinical Dental Research Center, Box 357475, Seattle, WA 98195-7475 USA.
Benjamin W ChaffeeDepartment of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143 USA.
Svetlana LyalinaDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco,550 16th Street, 2nd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
Katherine S PollardDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco,550 16th Street, 2nd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA; Gladstone Institutes,1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
Joseph L DeRisiDepartment of Biochemistry, University of California San Francisco,1700 4th Street, QB3 Room 404, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA; Chan-Zuckerberg BioHub, 499 Illinois St, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
Lloyd ManclDepartment of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357475, Seattle, WA 98195-7475 USA.
University of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Washington · USChan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco · US

Funding

Transform Dissemination and Implementation Science in CTSA ProgramsUL1TR002319 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI John K. Amory · 2017 to 2026
$100.0M
Institute of Translational Health SciencesUL1TR000423 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI DISIS, MARY L. · 2012 to 2016
$49.4M
UCSF INTEGRATED DDS-PHD TRAINING PROGRAMT32DE007306 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Yukiko Nakano · 1996 to 2026
$15.4M
BMI Bioinformatics Training GrantsT32GM067547 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HERNANDEZ, RYAN D. · 2003 to 2022
$6.6M
Statistics and Data Coordinating CenterU54DE019346 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MILGROM, PETER M · 2008 to 2012
$6.0M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000423NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002319NIDCR NIH HHS T32 DE007306NIDCR NIH HHS U54 DE019346NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM067547
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe Stopping Cavities Trial investigated effectiveness and safety of 38% silver diamine fluoride in arresting caries lesions. MATERIALS AND

methodsThe study was a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled superiority trial with 2 parallel groups. The sites were Oregon preschools. Sixty-six preschool children with ≥1 lesion were enrolled. Silver diamine fluoride (38%) or placebo (blue-tinted water), applied topically to the lesion. The primary endpoint was caries arrest (lesion inactivity, Nyvad criteria) 14-21days post intervention. Dental plaque was collected from all children, and microbial composition was assessed by RNA sequencing from 2 lesions and 1 unaffected surface before treatment and at follow-up for 3 children from each group. RESULTS AND

conclusionAverage proportion of arrested caries lesions in the silver diamine fluoride group was higher (0.72; 95% CI; 0.55, 0.84) than in the placebo group (0.05; 95% CI; 0.00, 0.16). Confirmatory analysis using generalized estimating equation log-linear regression, based on the number of arrested lesions and accounting for the number of treated surfaces and length of follow-up, indicates the risk of arrested caries was significantly higher in the treatment group (relative risk, 17.3; 95% CI: 4.3 to 69.4). No harms were observed. RNA sequencing analysis identified no consistent changes in relative abundance of caries-associated microbes, nor emergence of antibiotic or metal resistance gene expression. Topical 38% silver diamine fluoride is effective and safe in arresting cavities in preschool children. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The treatment is applicable to primary care practice and may reduce the burden of untreated tooth decay in the population.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, BacterialBacteriaChild, PreschoolDental CariesDental PlaqueDouble-Blind MethodDrug ResistanceFemaleFluorides, TopicalFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleOregonPatient HarmQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsSequence Analysis, RNAFluorides, TopicalQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsSilver Compoundssilver diamine fluorideAnti-infective agentsCariostatic agentsDentin/pathologyHumanProspective studiesTreatment outcome

Identifiers

PMID28866468
PMCPMC5748247
OpenAlexW2752425917

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.