ArticleKidney international2018
Plasma galectin-3 levels are associated with the risk of incident chronic kidney disease.
Article in Kidney international, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Right Heart Function in Cardiorenal Syndrome.Current heart failure reports · 2022Pooled it
- Challenges of Biomarker Application in Patients with Cardiorenal Syndrome.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Cardiac Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: Signal or Noise?Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Review
- Galectin-3 and Cardio-Kidney Outcomes: A Bit of History Repeating.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Serum Biomarkers of Macrophage Activation and Incident CKD in People With and Without HIV: Findings From the MACS-WIHS Combined Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- From Plants to Protection: Cardiorenal Benefits in Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease and Heart Failure.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Role of Galectin-3 as a Biomarker in the Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Pathology Axis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- High Levels of Galectin-3 and Uric Acid Are Independent Predictors of Renal Impairment in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Association between serum uric acid levels and galectin-3 in patients with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes.Internal medicine journal · 2025Article
- Elevated Serum Levels of Galectin-3 and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 as Potential Biomarkers for Early Detection and Staging of Chronic Kidney Disease in Iraqi Population.Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2025Article
- Tracing the Rise of Galectin-3: A Global Bibliometric Insight Into Its Role in Heart Failure.International journal of vascular medicine · 2025Review
- Galectin-3: action and clinical utility in chronic kidney disease.International urology and nephrology · 2024Review
- Association of suPAR, ST2, and galectin-3 with eGFR decline and mortality in patients with advanced heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2024Article
- Circulating galectin-3 level association with cardiovascular risk factors during peritoneal dialysis.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2024Article
- Plasma proteins associated with plant-based diets: Results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and Framingham Heart Study (FHS).Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2024Article
- Assessment and Risk Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Fibrosis Using Non-Invasive Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Association of Urine Galectin-3 With Cardiorenal Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure.Journal of cardiac failure · 2024Article
- Glucocorticoid- and pioglitazone-induced proteinuria reduction in experimental NS both correlate with glomerular ECM modulation.iScience · 2024Article
- Cardiorenal Syndrome: A Literature Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Connection between Cardiac Fibrosis Biomarkers and Echocardiography Parameters in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Galectin-3 has been proposed as a novel biomarker of heart failure and cardiac fibrosis, and may also be associated with fibrosis of other organs such as the kidney. To determine this, we prospectively analyzed data from 9,148 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study participants with measured plasma galectin-3 levels (baseline, visit 4, 1996-98) and without prevalent chronic kidney disease (CKD) or heart failure. We identified 1,983 incident CKD cases through December 31, 2013 over a median follow-up of 16 years. At baseline, galectin-3 was cross-sectionally associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; both significant. The results were adjusted for age, sex, race-center, education, physical activity, smoking status, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive medication use, history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, fasting blood glucose, and rs4644 (a single nucleotide polymorphism of galactin-3). There was a significant, graded, and positive association between galectin-3 and incident CKD (quartile 4 vs. 1 hazard ratio: 2.22 [95% confidence interval: 1.89, 2.60]). The association was attenuated but remained significant after adjustment for estimated glomerular filtration rate, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, troponin T, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (quartile 4 vs. 1 hazard ratio: 1.75 [95% confidence interval: 1.49, 2.06]), and was stronger among those with hypertension at baseline (significant interaction). Thus, in this community-based population, higher plasma galectin-3 levels were associated with an elevated risk of developing incident CKD, particularly among those with hypertension.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.