ArticleBMC anesthesiology2017
Multicenter assessment of sedation and delirium practices in the intensive care units in Poland - is this common practice in Eastern Europe?
Article in BMC anesthesiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Characteristics and Reported Practices of ICUs Participating in the Sedation, Analgesia and Delirium Management International Study: Variability in Site-Level Management of Mechanically Ventilated Patients.Critical care explorations · 2026Article
- Patient and family experiences of sedation in an urban academic tertiary-level intensive care unit in Canada: a qualitative study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Research progress in agitation early warning monitoring and new technologies for critically ill patients: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Clinical Nursing Management of Adult Patients with Delirium in a Hospital Setting-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Dexmedetomidine's Role in Adult ICU After 20 Years of Experience-A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Development of a Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model for Postoperative Delirium in Older Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients: Retrospective Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Enhancing European Management of Analgesia, Sedation, and Delirium: A Multinational, Prospective, Interventional Before-After Trial.Neurocritical care · 2024Article
- The spectrum of psychological disorders in family members of patients suffering from delirium associated with critical illness: a prospective, observational study.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Development of a machine learning-based prediction model for sepsis-associated delirium in the intensive care unit.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Nurses' knowledge, barriers and practice in the care of patients with delirium in the intensive care unit in Poland-A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Sedation, sleep-promotion, and non-verbal and verbal communication techniques in critically ill intubated or tracheostomized patients: results of a survey.BMC anesthesiology · 2022Article
- Delirium in a surgical context from a nursing perspective: A hybrid concept analysis.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2022Article
- What are the perceptions of intensive care staff about their sedation practices when caring for a mechanically ventilated patient?: A systematic mixed-methods review.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2022Review
- Delirium in the intensive care unit: identifying difficulties in applying the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU).BMC nursing · 2022Article
- Pain Assessment with the BPS and CCPOT Behavioral Pain Scales in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Requiring Analgesia and Sedation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Current status of delirium assessment tools in the intensive care unit: a prospective multicenter observational survey.Scientific reports · 2022Observational
- Current Evidence Regarding Biomarkers Used to Aid Postoperative Delirium Diagnosis in the Field of Cardiac Surgery-Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Review
- Clinical practice in the management of postoperative delirium by Chinese anesthesiologists: a cross-sectional survey designed by the European Society of Anaesthesiology.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Article
- The Impact of Acute Kidney Injury in the Perioperative Period on the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting-Observational Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe majority of critically ill patients experience distress during their stay in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), resulting from systemic illness, multiple interventions and environmental factors. Providing humane care should address concomitant treatment of pain, agitation and delirium. The use of sedation and approaches to ICU delirium should be monitored according to structured guidelines. However, it is unknown to what extent these concepts are followed in Eastern European countries like Poland. The aim of this study was to evaluate sedation and delirium practices in ICUs in Poland, as a representative of the Eastern European block, particularly the implementation of sedation and ICU delirium screening tools, availability of written sedation guidelines, choice of sedation and delirium treatment agents.
methodsA national postal survey was conducted in all Polish ICUs in early 2016.
resultsA total of 165 responses out of 436 addressed units were received (37.8%). Out of responding ICUs delirium is monitored in only 11.9% of the units in Poland. Sedation monitoring tool is used in only 46.1% of units. Only 19.4% of ICUs have written protocols for sedation and 32.1% do not practice daily sedation interruption. The most frequently used agents for short-term sedation (<24 h) were propofol and fentanyl infusions and benzodiazepines (midazolam) and morphine for longer sedation (>24 h). The preferred agents for delirium treatment were haloperidol (77.6%), dexmedetomidine (43.6%) and quetiapine (19.4%). Close to one-third (32.7%) of respondents chose a benzodiazepine (diazepam) for ICU delirium treatment. Non-pharmacological treatment for ICU delirium was reported by only 45% of the respondents.
conclusionsA majority of Polish ICUs do not adhere to international guidelines regarding sedation and delirium practices. There continues to be inadequate use of sedation and delirium monitoring tools. High usage of benzodiazepines for sedation and ICU delirium treatment reveals persistence of non-evidence-based practice. This study should prompt further assessment of other Eastern Europe countries and help generate a collective response to update these aspects of patient safety and comfort.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.