ArticleClinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2018
Synthetic cannabinoid "Black Mamba" infidelity in patients presenting for emergency stabilization in Colorado: a P SCAN Cohort.
Article in Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacotherapy of Patients Taking New Psychoactive Substances: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Case Reports.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Toxicity of Synthetic Cannabinoids in K2/Spice: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of newly detected synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists AB-4CN-BUTICA, MMB-4CN-BUTINACA, MDMB-4F-BUTICA, MDMB-4F-BUTINACA and their analogs.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Overview of Synthetic Cannabinoids ADB-FUBINACA and AMB-FUBINACA: Clinical, Analytical, and Forensic Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The Psychoactive Surveillance Consortium and Analysis Network (PSCAN): the first year.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2020Observational
- Convulsant Effects of Abused Synthetic Cannabinoids JWH-018 and 5F-AB-PINACA Are Mediated by Agonist Actions at CB1 Receptors in Mice.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUse of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has increased over the last decade. During this period, variability of both clinical presentations and chemical compositions of these compounds has increased. Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are the most commonly used NPS and there are more than 100 documented unique molecules in this class. "Black Mamba", often associated to ADB-FUBINACA, is the most commonly used SC in Colorado. It has been linked to kidney injury, myocardial toxicity, seizures, and death.
objectivesWe aim to identify the chemical constituents and quantification of eight cases of reported "Black Mamba" use in order to further understand the clinical variability in patients presenting for emergency stabilization.
methodsWe report data from eight cases of reported "Black Mamba" use prospectively captured through the Colorado site of the Psychoactive Surveilance Consortium and Analysis Network (P SCAN). P SCAN is a geographically representative group of academic hospitals that capture clinical presentation, outcome, and biologic samples from patients that present for emergency stabilization following NPS use. Serum and urine samples were analyzed and quantified by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry after a qualitative screen for over 600 unique NPS compounds.
resultsIn the reported eight cases, the median age was 28 years old. There were four male and four females. Four patients had agitation/delirium and four patients had chest pain. Normal saline, benzodiazepines and ondansetron were the common treatment provided in the emergency department (ED). Two patients were discharged from the ED and six patients being admitted for emergency observation with a median length of stay (LOS) of six hours. No deaths were reported. Confirmatory testing revealed that only five patients (62.5%) had SCs found in blood or urine samples. Cocaine, NRG-3, 3-methoxyphencyclidine hydrochloride (MeO-PCP), and methamfetamine were identified in other presentations.
conclusionsThe wide range of clinical presentations from "Black Mamba" use may be explained by the wide variability of chemical constituents found by laboratory analysis.
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