ArticleGland surgery2017
Smoking and mortality in women diagnosed with breast cancer-a systematic review with meta-analysis based on 400,944 breast cancer cases.
Article in Gland surgery, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of smoking on subtypes and molecular profile of breast cancer: a systematic review.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2026Pooled it
- The association between neighborhood socioeconomic status and breast cancer incidence and mortality risk: a large-scale cohort studies systematic review and meta-analysis.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Evidence-based core information for health communication of tobacco control: The effect of smoking on risks of female disease.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- National, regional, and global prevalence of cigarette smoking among women/females in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The Impact of Breast Reconstruction on Smoking Cessation Among Patients With Breast Cancer.Journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Healthy lifestyles, screening, and breast cancer mortality in women with different risk of disease.The oncologist · 2025Article
- The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on cancer progression: a prospective study in female breast cancer survivors.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Evaluation of an Early Individualized Integrated Rehabilitation Program versus Standard Rehabilitation Program for Smoking Cessation in 115 Smokers Among 467 Female Breast Cancer Patients 2019-2021 in Slovenia.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Article
- Statin Use, Cholesterol Level, and Mortality Among Females With Breast Cancer.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Adherence to Cancer Prevention Lifestyle Recommendations Before, During, and 2 Years After Treatment for High-risk Breast Cancer.JAMA network open · 2023Observational
- The Association between Smoking and Mortality in Women with Breast Cancer: A Real-World Database Analysis.Cancers · 2022Article
- Relationship between Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Characteristics and Survival among Breast Cancer Patients.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Pathways between objective and perceived neighborhood factors among Black breast cancer survivors.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Cigarette smoking after surviving breast cancer: A pilot study.Current cancer reports · 2021Article
- Design and evaluation of psychometric properties of cigarette smoking tendency questionnaire for female adolescents (CTQFA).BMC public health · 2021Article
- Comorbidity, lifestyle factors, and sexual satisfaction among Chinese cancer survivors.Cancer medicine · 2021Article
- Prevalence, Outcome, and Management of Risk Factors in Patients With Breast Cancer With Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Tertiary Cancer Center's Experience.Clinical breast cancer · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of women diagnosed with breast cancer in Jordan: A 5-year survival analysis and patients' characteristics from 2 public hospitals.Saudi medical journal · 2021Article
- An artificial intelligence framework integrating longitudinal electronic health records with real-world data enables continuous pan-cancer prognostication.Nature cancer · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIt is evident that smoking is causing disease and increased mortality in general. Recently published data are now suggesting that smoking might increase both the overall mortality in women diagnosed with breast cancer but also increase their risk of dying from their breast cancer.
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis on smoking status in women diagnosed with breast cancer, their mortality rate and cause of death. Based on all cohort studies published within the last ten years.
resultsTwelve studies met our inclusion criteria, and 400,944 women diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer was included. Hazard ratio (HR) for breast cancer associated death in former smokers was 1.02 (0.93, 1.12) and for current smokers 1.28 (1.17, 1.41) when compared to never smokers. For all-cause death, the HR for former smokers was 1.12 (1.04, 1.19), and for current smokers 1.52 (1.32, 1.76) when compared to never smokers.
conclusionsThis large systematic review and meta-analysis found a 28% increase in breast cancer-associated mortality in those who were current smokers compared to never smokers. The mortality in former smokers was equal to the one found in never smokers. This indicates that breast cancer patients ceasing to smoke can lower their risk of dying from their breast cancer disease dramatically, and possibly regain the risk of a never smoker.
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