ReviewLocal and regional anesthesia2017
Preventing nausea and vomiting in women undergoing regional anesthesia for cesarean section: challenges and solutions.
Review in Local and regional anesthesia, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of PC6 Electroacupuncture in the Prevention of Nausea Vomiting in Caesarean Patient Under Spinal Anaesthesia
Effect of Propofol on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Elective Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing the efficacy and safety of unilateral versus bilateral spinal anesthesia: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Annals of medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and associated factors of intraoperative Nausea and Vomiting of mothers who gave birth with cesarean section under regional anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis; 2023.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of remimazolam and midazolam for preventing intraoperative nausea and vomiting during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2024Trial
- Intravenous Bolus of Dexmedetomidine for Treatment of Severe Shivering After Caesarean Delivery Under Combined Spinal-Epidural Anaesthesia: A Randomized Dose-Response Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Trial
- Observation of single spinal anesthesia by 25G needle puncture through a lateral crypt for hip surgery in elderly patients.Medicine · 2019Trial
- Use of propofol for prevention of post-delivery nausea during cesarean section: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Journal of anesthesia · 2018Trial
- Effect of preoperative fasting on acute postoperative pain following cesarean section: a retrospective cohort study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Pharmacometric Analysis of Cafedrine/Theodrenaline Versus Ephedrine on Maternal Hemodynamics and Neonatal Acidosis During Cesarean Section.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Application efficacy of dural puncture epidural versus traditional combined spinal epidural for labour analgesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Article
- Effect of prophylactic phenylephrine versus norepinephrine on foeto-maternal outcomes in caesarean delivery under neuraxial anaesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Impact of being lateral and sitting position for spinal anesthesia administration on maternal hemodynamic variability and the timing of hypotension among cesarean section patients in a resource-constrained area: a prospective observational cohort study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Achieving relief from nausea and vomiting: from intraoperative to postoperative management.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2024Article
- Transversus Abdominis Plane Block versus Epidural Anesthesia for Pain Management Post-Caesarean Delivery: A Pilot Study.Local and regional anesthesia · 2024Article
- Preoperative Oral Carbohydrate (CHO) Supplementation Is Beneficial for Clinical and Biochemical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Elective Cesarean Delivery under Spinal Anaesthesia-A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Comparative Efficacy of Different Classes of Antiemetic Medications for the Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting in Cesarean Section: A Network Meta-Analysis.International journal of preventive medicine · 2023Review
- Chewing Gum for Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting After Elective Caesarean Section: a Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial.SN comprehensive clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Comparison between 10 and 12 mg doses of intrathecal hyperbaric (0.5%) bupivacaine on sensory block level after first spinal failure in cesarean section: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Evaluation Effect of Aspiration of 0.2 ml of Cerebrospinal Fluid After Completion of Injection 0.5% Bupivacaine and Reinjection Into Subarachnoid Space on Sensory and Motor Block in Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Treatment of spinal anaesthesia-induced hypotension with cafedrine/theodrenaline versus ephedrine during caesarean section: Results from HYPOTENS, a national, multicentre, prospective, noninterventional study.European journal of anaesthesiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntraoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV) or postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) affecting women undergoing regional anesthesia for cesarean section is an important clinical problem since these techniques are used widely. There are burdens of literature about IONV/PONV and several in parturient and cesarean. However, it needs more attention. The underlying mechanisms of IONV and PONV in the obstetrical setting mainly include hypotension due to sympathicolysis during neuraxial anesthesia, bradycardia owing to an increased vagal tone, the visceral stimulation via the surgical procedure and intravenously administered opioids.
methodsGiven the high and even increasing rate of cesarean sections and the sparse information on the etiology, incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting and the impact of prophylactic measures on the incidence of PONV/IONV, this article aims to review the available information and provide pragmatic suggestions on how to prevent nausea and vomiting in this patient cohort. Current literature and guidelines were identified by electronic database searching (MEDLINE via PubMed and Cochrane database of systematic reviews) up to present, searching through reference lists of included literature and personal contact with experts. DISCUSSION AND
conclusionTaking into account the current guidelines and literature as well as everyday clinical experience, the first step for decreasing the incidence of IONV and PONV is a comprehensive management of circulatory parameters. This management includes liberal perioperative fluid administration and the application of vasopressors as the circumstances require. By using low-dose local anesthetics, an additional application of intrathecal or spinal opioids or hyperbaric solutions for a sufficient controllability of neuraxial distribution, maternal hypotension might be reduced. Performing a combined spinal-epidural anesthesia or epidural anesthesia may be considered as an alternative to spinal anesthesia. Antiemetic drugs may be administered restrainedly due to off-label use in pregnant women for IONV or PONV prophylaxis and may be reserved for treatment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.