ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2017
Cerebrospinal fluid CXCL13 as a diagnostic marker of neuroborreliosis in children: a retrospective case-control study.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the Diagnostic Accuracy of Point-of-Care CXCL13 Measurements for Lyme Neuroborreliosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Infection-Triggered Immune Dysregulation and Immunopathology in Lyme Disease: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- CSF CXCL13 as a longitudinal marker for neurocognition in HIV-1-associated dementia after start of treatment in cART-naïve patients.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Article
- Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) levels for viral and autoimmune encephalitis.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- CXCL13 in Cerebrospinal Fluid: Clinical Value in a Large Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Lyme neuroborreliosis: A case report.Clinical case reports · 2023Article
- The CXCL13 Index as a Predictive Biomarker for Activity in Clinically Isolated Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Lyme Neuroborreliosis in Children.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Lyme neuroborreliosis in Swedish children-PCR as a complementary diagnostic method for detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in cerebrospinal fluid.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2021Article
- Comparative Analysis of the Euroimmun CXCL13 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and the ReaScan Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Diagnosis of Lyme Neuroborreliosis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2020Article
- The predictive value of CXCL13 in suspected Lyme neuroborreliosis: a retrospective cross-sectional study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Article
- Multi-marker algorithms based on CXCL13, IL-10, sIL-2 receptor, and β2-microglobulin in cerebrospinal fluid to diagnose CNS lymphoma.Cancer medicine · 2020Article
- Chemokine Ligand 13 (CXCL13) in Neuroborreliosis and Neurosyphilis as Selected Spirochetal Neurological Diseases: A Review of Its Diagnostic Significance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Emerging Tick-Borne Diseases.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2020Review
- Chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with central nervous system complications caused by varicella-zoster virus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2019Article
- Article
- The chemokine CXCL13 in cerebrospinal fluid in children with Lyme neuroborreliosis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is a frequent manifestation of Lyme disease in children and its current diagnosis has limitations. The elevation of the chemokine CXCL13 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of adult patients with LNB has been demonstrated and suggested as a new diagnostic marker. Our aim was to evaluate this marker in the CSF of children with suspected LNB and to determine a CXCL13 cut-off concentration that would discriminate between LNB and other central nervous system (CNS) infections.
methodsFor this single-center retrospective case-control study we used a diagnostic-approved ELISA to measure CXCL13 concentrations in the CSF of 185 children with LNB suspicion at presentation. Patients were classified into definite LNB (cases), non-LNB (controls with other CNS affections), and possible LNB. A receiver-operating characteristic curve was generated by comparison of cases and controls.
resultsCXCL13 was significantly elevated in the CSF of 53 children with definite LNB (median 774.7 pg/ml) compared to 91 control patients (median 4.5 pg/ml, p < 0.001). A cut-off of 55 pg/ml resulted in a sensitivity of 96.7% and a specificity of 98.1% for the diagnosis of definite LNB and the test exhibited a diagnostic odds ratio of 1525.3. Elevated CSF CXCL13 levels were also detected in three controls with viral meningitis (enterovirus n = 1, varicella-zoster virus n = 2) while other CNS affections such as idiopathic facial palsy did not lead to CXCL13 elevation. Of the 41 patients with possible LNB, 27% had CXCL13 values above the cut-off of 55 pg/ml (median 16.7 pg/ml).
conclusionsCSF CXCL13 is highly elevated in children during early LNB as previously shown in adults. CXCL13 is a highly sensitive and specific marker that helps to differentiate LNB from other CNS affections in children.
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