ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2017
Reduced generation of lung tissue-resident memory T cells during infancy.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extremely Preterm Infants Have Significant Alterations in Their Conventional T Cell Compartment during the First Weeks of Life.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Trial
- From animal models to NAMs: a paradigm shift in developmental immunotoxicity testing.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Distinct transcription factors control tissue adaptation and effector function in infant and adult memory T cells.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Immune development in early life.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Nasal CD4+ tissue-resident memory T cells provide cross-protective immunity to influenza.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Early-life viral infection generates pathological tissue-resident memory cells that contribute to asthma-like disease.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Age determines NK cell fate and tissue compartmentalization to CMV infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Dietary iron deficiency impairs effector function of memory T cells following influenza infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Early-life viral infections and asthma: new cells and ideas.Current opinion in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Development of intestinal tissue-resident T cells in early-life mice before and after weaning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Th1 differentiation and function are inhibited in neonates following human metapneumovirus infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Insulin-like growth factor 2 as a driving force for exponential expansion and differentiation of the neonatal thymus.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Tissue-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells: Differentiation, Phenotypic Heterogeneity, Biological Function, Disease, and Therapy.MedComm · 2025Review
- Modulating cytokine microenvironment during T cell activation induces protective RSV-specific lung resident memory T cells in early life in mice.Npj viruses · 2024Article
- Epstein-Barr virus infection induces tissue-resident memory T cells in mucosal lymphoid tissues.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Precision adjuvants for pediatric vaccines.Science translational medicine · 2024Review
- Reshaping the tumor immune microenvironment to improve CAR-T cell-based cancer immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- The Altered Neonatal CD8Viruses · 2024Article
- Distinct Localization, Transcriptional Profiles, and Functionality in Early Life Tonsil Regulatory T Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infants suffer disproportionately from respiratory infections and generate reduced vaccine responses compared with adults, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In adult mice, lung-localized, tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) mediate optimal protection to respiratory pathogens, and we hypothesized that reduced protection in infancy could be due to impaired establishment of lung TRM. Using an infant mouse model, we demonstrate generation of lung-homing, virus-specific T effectors after influenza infection or live-attenuated vaccination, similar to adults. However, infection during infancy generated markedly fewer lung TRMs, and heterosubtypic protection was reduced compared with adults. Impaired TRM establishment was infant-T cell intrinsic, and infant effectors displayed distinct transcriptional profiles enriched for T-bet-regulated genes. Notably, mouse and human infant T cells exhibited increased T-bet expression after activation, and reduction of T-bet levels in infant mice enhanced lung TRM establishment. Our findings reveal that infant T cells are intrinsically programmed for short-term responses, and targeting key regulators could promote long-term, tissue-targeted protection at this critical life stage.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.