ArticleBMC research notes2017
A systematic synthesis of direct costs to treat and manage tuberculosis disease applied to California, 2015.
Article in BMC research notes, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cost Analysis of Tuberculosis Disease in the Case of Tuberculosis Control Dispensary.Thoracic research and practice · 2026Article
- Measuring the catastrophic cost of diagnosis, treatment, care, and support on people and families affected by tuberculosis in Iran and Afghanistan.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Cycloserine-Induced Psychosis: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- A narrative review of tuberculosis in the United States among persons aged 65 years and older.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2022Review
- Cost-effectiveness of video-observed therapy for ambulatory management of active tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in a high-income country.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Article
- Model-based Cost-effectiveness of State-level Latent Tuberculosis Interventions in California, Florida, New York, and Texas.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Recent Advances in the Development of Protein- and Peptide-Based Subunit Vaccines against Tuberculosis.Cells · 2020Review
- Cost-Effectiveness of Treatment Strategies with Biologics in Accordance with Treatment Guidelines for Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Patient-Level Model.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2020Article
- Outlook for tuberculosis elimination in California: An individual-based stochastic model.PloS one · 2019Article
- Challenges Across the HIV Care Continuum for Patients With HIV/TB Co-infection in Atlanta, GA [corrected].Open forum infectious diseases · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe cost of treating and managing cases of active tuberculosis (TB) disease-from diagnosis to treatment completion-is needed by agencies working on public health budgets, resource allocation and cost-effectiveness analysis. Although components of TB costs have been published in the United States (US), no recent study has assessed overall costs for TB care and potential gaps. To systematically review the US literature for costs of treating and managing cases of active TB disease, adjust these costs to current (2015) values, and assess gaps. We quantified total direct costs-from the perspective of the health care payer-of the treatment and case management of active TB disease. Estimates were based on published figures in the US, and operational data of the California Department of Public Health.
resultThe average direct cost of treating and managing a TB case was $34,600 in 2015. The average cost of a multidrug-resistant TB case was $110,900. Health care spending for treating and case managing TB patients in California amounted to approximately $75.6 million for the 2133 new cases reported in 2015. Most published cost estimates were based on data from the 1990s.
conclusionTB is resource-intensive to treat and manage. Our synthesis provides inputs for budgets and economic analyses. New studies to provide original cost data are needed to better reflect current clinical and public health practices.
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