ArticleScientific reports2017
Cesarean section without medical indication and risks of childhood allergic disorder, attenuated by breastfeeding.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for allergic rhinitis in children: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Risk factors for allergic rhinitis in preschool children: a meta-analysis and systematic review.BMC pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Cesarean section and the risk of allergic rhinitis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Pediatrics Consequences of Caesarean Section-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Cow's Milk Protein Allergy, a Systematic Review of Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, Management, and Economic Impact.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Associations of feeding and delivery modes with the risk of otitis media with effusion in children: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2025Observational
- Prevalence and associated factors of caesarean section delivery: analysis from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2022.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Placental DNA methylation in caesarean sections - a pilot study.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- Nonelective cesarean section is associated with the prevalence of asthma among Mexican children who attended childcare centers.Asia Pacific allergy · 2024Article
- Perinatal Risk Factors for Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis in Children and Adolescents.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Perinatal and early life factors and asthma control among preschoolers: a population-based retrospective cohort study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Article
- Difficulties in Adaptation of the Mother and Newborn via Cesarean Section versus Natural Birth-A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The global/local (limited to some regions) effect of cesarean delivery on the risk of pediatric allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- The Foetal Origins of Allergy and Potential Nutritional Interventions to Prevent Disease.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Birth outcomes following cesarean delivery on maternal request: a population-based cohort study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2021Article
- Breastfeeding duration modified the effects of neonatal and familial risk factors on childhood asthma and allergy: a population-based study.Respiratory research · 2021Article
- Cesarean delivery and the risk of allergic rhinitis in children.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2020Article
- Analysis of Factors That May Affect the Effect of Atropine 0.01% on Myopia Control.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Elevated faecal 12,13-diHOME concentration in neonates at high risk for asthma is produced by gut bacteria and impedes immune tolerance.Nature microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Caesarean section (CS) may increase the risk of asthma and allergic diseases in children, but previous studies could not preclude the potential confounding effect of underlying medical indications for CS. We aim to assess the association between CS itself (without indications) and risks of asthma and allergic rhinitis in children. The 2014 Shanghai Children's Health, Education and Lifestyle Evaluation was a large population-based survey with cluster random probability sampling in 26 primary schools in Shanghai, China, in 2014. The mode of delivery and child history of asthma and allergic rhinitis were reported by parents. We included 12639 children in our analysis. CS without medical indication was associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma. CS without medical indication and CS for fetal complications were associated with increased risks of childhood allergic rhinitis, respectively. In children fed by exclusive breastfeeding or mixed feeding in the first four months after birth, these risks were not significant. In contrast, in children fed by exclusive formula milk, CS was highly significantly associated with childhood asthma and allergic rhinitis. In conclusion, CS without medical indication was associated with increased risks of both childhood asthma and allergic rhinitis. Breastfeeding in early infancy may attenuate these risks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.