ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2017
Tissue-based associations of mammographic breast density with breast stem cell markers.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of oral contraceptives with expression of CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 stem cell markers in women with benign breast biopsies.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Birthweight, height, and body mass index in relation to the expression of stem cell markers among women with benign breast biopsies in the Nurses' Health Study II.British journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Associations of alcohol consumption with expression of CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 stem cell markers in benign breast biopsy samples.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Associations of Stem Cell Markers with Lobular Involution in Benign Breast Tissue.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Associations of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 with the expression of stem cell markers in benign breast tissue.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Associations of stem cell markers CD44, CD24 and ALDH1A1 with mammographic breast density in women with benign breast biopsies.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Associations of Early-Life and Adult Anthropometric Measures with the Expression of Stem Cell Markers CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 in Women with Benign Breast Biopsies.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Associations of reproductive breast cancer risk factors with expression of stem cell markers in benign breast tissue.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Reproductive factors and expression of stem cell markers in women with incident benign breast disease.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Associations of stem cell markers in benign breast tissue with subsequent breast cancer risk.American journal of cancer research · 2023Article
- Reliability of CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 immunohistochemical staining: Pathologist assessment compared to quantitative image analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Adiposity Change Over the Life Course and Mammographic Breast Density in Postmenopausal Women.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2020Article
- Cancer Stem Cells-Origins and Biomarkers: Perspectives for Targeted Personalized Therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Associations of mammographic breast density with breast stem cell marker-defined breast cancer subtypes.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2019Article
- Cirrus: An Automated Mammography-Based Measure of Breast Cancer Risk Based on Textural Features.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMammographic breast density is a well-established, strong breast cancer risk factor but the biology underlying this association remains unclear. Breast density may reflect underlying alterations in the size and activity of the breast stem cell pool. We examined, for the first time, associations of CD44, CD24, and aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1 (ALDH1A1) breast stem cell markers with breast density.
methodsWe included in this study 64 asymptomatic healthy women who previously volunteered for a unique biopsy study of normal breast tissue at the Mayo Clinic (2006-2008). Mammographically identified dense and non-dense areas were confirmed/localized by ultrasound and biopsied. Immunohistochemical analysis of the markers was performed according to a standard protocol and the staining was assessed by a single blinded pathologist. In core biopsy samples retrieved from areas of high vs. low density within the same woman, we compared staining extent and an expression score (the product of staining intensity and extent), using the signed rank test. All tests of statistical significance were two-sided.
resultsA total of 64, 28, and 10 women were available for CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 staining, respectively. For all three markers, we found higher levels of staining extent in dense as compared to non-dense tissue, though for CD24 and ALDH1A1 the difference did not reach statistical significance (CD44, 6.3% vs. 2.0%, p < 0.001; CD24, 8.0% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.10; and ALDH1A1, 0.5% vs. 0.3%, p = 0.12). The expression score for CD44 was significantly greater in dense as compared to non-dense tissue (9.8 vs.3.0, p < 0.001).
conclusionsOur findings suggest an increased presence and/or activity of stem cells in dense as compared to non-dense breast tissue.
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