ArticlePloS one2017
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Kenya: A cross-sectional analysis of the national database over nine years.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of Option B+ on mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Africa: A systematic review.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2022Pooled it
- All-cause and cause-specific mortality trends among people with and without HIV in the Siaya health and demographic surveillance system, Kenya, 2011-2018.Global health action · 2026Article
- Predictors of HIV Vertical Transmission in Exposed Infants in Northwest, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Characteristics of children readmitted with severe pneumonia in Kenyan hospitals.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Client Experiences in a Mobile-Phone Counseling Intervention for Enhancing Access to Prevention of Mother To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Services in Kenya.Frontiers in global women's health · 2022Article
- A national household survey on HIV prevalence and clinical cascade among children aged ≤15 years in Kenya (2018).PloS one · 2022Article
- The risk of infectious pathogens in breast-feeding, donated human milk and breast milk substitutes.Public health nutrition · 2021Review
- A Review and Analysis of Outcomes from Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Infant Follow-up Services at a Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit of a Major Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria: 2007-2020.International journal of MCH and AIDS · 2021Article
- Predictors of Health Insurance Enrollment among HIV Positive Pregnant Women in Kenya: Potential for Adverse Selection and Implications for HIV Treatment and Prevention.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Prevalence of vertical HIV infection and its risk factors among HIV exposed infants in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Tropical medicine and health · 2020Review
- Implementation planning for community-based point-of-care HIV testing for infants: Recommendations from community leaders in Kenya.PloS one · 2020Article
- Adolescent HIV treatment in South Africa's national HIV programme: a retrospective cohort study.The lancet. HIV · 2019Article
- Correlates of HIV detection among breastfeeding postpartum Kenyan women eligible under Option B.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo describe factors associated with mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) in Kenya and identify opportunities to increase testing/care coverage.
designCross-sectional analysis of national early infant diagnosis (EID) database.
methods365,841 Kenyan infants were tested for HIV from January 2007-July 2015 and results, demographics, and treatment information were entered into a national database. HIV risk factors were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.
results11.1% of infants tested HIV positive in 2007-2010 and 6.9% in 2014-2015. Greater odds of infection were observed in females (OR: 1.08; 95% CI:1.05-1.11), older children (18-24 months vs. 6 weeks-2 months: 4.26; 95% CI:3.87-4.69), infants whose mothers received no PMTCT intervention (vs. HAART OR: 1.92; 95% CI:1.79-2.06), infants receiving no prophylaxis (vs. nevirapine for 6 weeks OR: 2.76; 95% CI:2.51-3.05), and infants mixed breastfed (vs. exclusive breastfeeding OR: 1.39; 95% CI:1.30-1.49). In 2014-2015, 9.1% of infants had mothers who were not on treatment during pregnancy, 9.8% were not on prophylaxis, and 7.0% were mixed breastfed. Infants exposed to all three risky practices had a seven-fold higher odds of HIV infection compared to those exposed to recommended practices. The highest yield of HIV-positive infants were found through targeted testing of symptomatic infants in pediatric/outpatient departments (>15%); still, most infected infants were identified through PMTCT programs.
conclusionDespite impressive gains in Kenya's PMTCT program, some HIV-infected infants present late and are not benefitting from PMTCT best practices. Efforts to identify these early and enforce evidence-based practice for PMTCT should be scaled up. Infant testing should be expanded in pediatric/outpatient departments, given high yields in these portals.
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