ArticleMolecular medicine reports2017
Tacrolimus downregulates inflammation by regulating pro‑/anti‑inflammatory responses in LPS‑induced keratitis.
Article in Molecular medicine reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Computational Design and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of a Chimeric Nanoparticle Vaccine for Targeted Delivery against BK Polyomavirus.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Clinical applications of tacrolimus in the treatment of ocular diseases: a narrative literature review.International ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 (TREM-1) in Inflammation and Disease: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Novel Tear Biomarkers in Ocular Graft Versus Host Disease Associated with Th1/Th2 Immune Responses: A Case Series and Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Lower levels of FOXP3 are associated with prolonged inflammatory responses in kidney transplant recipients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Trichostatin A inhibits dendritic cell maturation through down-regulating NF-κ B (p65) pathway.Molecular biology reports · 2022Article
- Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Genotoxicity by Activating GADD45G and NF-Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Hypothetical protein FoDbp40 influences the growth and virulence ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Topical tacrolimus nanocapsules eye drops for therapeutic effect enhancement in both anterior and posterior ocular inflammation models.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2021Article
- Emerging recognition of the complement system in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, liver regeneration and recovery (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Review
- Pulmonary surfactant and drug delivery: Vehiculization, release and targeting of surfactant/tacrolimus formulations.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2021Article
- Self-Assembling Tacrolimus Nanomicelles for Retinal Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Tacrolimus dye drop treatment for the management of early post-operative intraocular inflammation after therapeutic keratoplasty for severe infectious keratitis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- Tacrolimus Modulates Peripheral Blood NK Cell Subsets and IL-17/IL-10 Ratio in Women With Recurrent Implantation Failure.Reproductive medicine and biologyArticle
- Analysis of the safety and efficacy of tacrolimus combined with glucocorticoid in the treatment of lupus nephritis.Pakistan journal of medical sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced keratitis is a progressive infectious ocular disease in which innate inflammatory responses often cause clinical tissue damage and vision loss. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of tacrolimus, an effective immunomodulator, on LPS‑induced innate immune responses. The effects of tacrolimus on the apoptotic rate and viability of human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs), polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and monocytes (THP‑1 cells) were examined using flow cytome-try and MTT assays. Subsequently, the role of tacrolimus on LPS‑induced inflammation in HCECs, PMNs and THP‑1 cells was evaluated by detecting the expression levels of pro‑inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6 and matrix metallopeptidase 9; anti‑inflammatory cytokines, including IL‑10 and transforming growth factor‑β; and proangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor and tumor necrosis factor‑α using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results demonstrated that tacrolimus had good biocompatibility with HCECs, while promoting apoptosis and decreasing the viability of PMNs and THP‑1 cells. Furthermore, tacrolimus effectively reduced the expression levels of pro‑inflammatory cytokines and increased anti‑inflammatory cytokines in LPS‑induced keratitis in vitro. Notably, tacrolimus decreased the levels of proangiogenic factors, which are highly increased following LPS stimulation. Conclusively, tacrolimus appears to be a safe and effective treatment to suppress neutrophil and monocyte activity, modulate the balance of pro‑/anti‑inflammatory cytokines, and reduce the inflammatory response and angiogenic activity in LPS‑induced bacterial keratitis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.