ArticleEpidemiology and infection2017
Identifying transmission routes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and sources of acquisitions in high transmission communities.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05017519 (Epidemiology and Transmission of Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children and Elderly), which is not on this map. Cited by 46 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Epidemiology and Transmission of Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children and Elderly: a Household-based Prospective Cohort Study
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed.
- Efficacy against pneumococcal carriage and the immunogenicity of reduced-dose (0 + 1 and 1 + 1) PCV10 and PCV13 schedules in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam: a parallel, single-blind, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Single priming and booster dose of ten-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation in children in South Africa: a single-centre, open-label, randomised trial.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2023Trial
- Prevalence of nasopharyngealThe Lancet. Microbe · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 13 delivered as one primary and one booster dose (1 + 1) compared with two primary doses and a booster (2 + 1) in UK infants: a multicentre, parallel group randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- Article
- Identification of age-group reservoirs for persistent vaccine-type pneumococcal carriage in rural Gambia.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of a Single Dose of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children: A Systematic Literature Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Review
- Persistence of Vaccine Serotype Carriage and Differences in Pneumococcal Carriage by Laboratory Method and Sample Type in Indigenous Individuals in the Southwest United States.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Review
- PCV13-Serotype Breakthrough Pneumococcal Disease in Infants Receiving High-Valency Conjugate Vaccines: Population-Level Modeling in France.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- A dynamic transmission model for assessing the impact of pneumococcal vaccination in the United States.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Serotype epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of pneumococcal isolates colonizing infants in Botswana (2016-2019).PloS one · 2024Article
- Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Observational
- Variation in pneumococcal invasiveness metrics is driven by serotype carriage duration and initial risk of disease.Epidemics · 2023Article
- Assessing the use of minimally invasive self-sampling at home for long-term monitoring of the microbiota within UK families.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The impact of introduction of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal carriage in Nigeria.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Bacterial and viral etiology of acute respiratory infection among the Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMNs) in fragile settings in Cox's Bazar- a prospective case-control study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Unmasking Pneumococcal Carriage in a High Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevalence Population in two Community Cohorts in South Africa, 2016-2018: The PHIRST Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Identifying the transmission sources and reservoirs of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) is a long-standing question for pneumococcal epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and vaccine policy. Here we use serotype to identify SP transmission and examine acquisitions (in the same household, local community, and county, or of unidentified origin) in a longitudinal cohort of children and adults from the Navajo Nation and the White Mountain Apache American Indian Tribes. We found that adults acquire SP relatively more in the household than other age groups, and children 2-8 years old typically acquire in their own or surrounding communities. Age-specific transmission probability matrices show that transmissions within household were mostly seen from older to younger siblings. Outside the household, children most often transmit to other children in the same age group, showing age-assortative mixing behavior. We find toddlers and older children to be most involved in SP transmission and acquisition, indicating their role as key drivers of SP epidemiology. Although infants have high carriage prevalence, they do not play a central role in transmission of SP compared with toddlers and older children. Our results are relevant to inform alternative pneumococcal conjugate vaccine dosing strategies and analytic efforts to inform optimization of vaccine programs, as well as assessing the transmission dynamics of pathogens transmitted by close contact in general.
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