ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology2017
Immune development and environment: lessons from Amish and Hutterite children.
Review in Current opinion in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiota profiles in pre-school children with respiratory infections: Modifications induced by the oral bacterial lysate OM-85.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- MaternalBiomedicines · 2026Article
- Asthma endotypes and theratypes.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Farm exposure in infancy is associated with elevated systemic IgGScience translational medicine · 2025Article
- Beyond microbial exposure and colonization: multisensory shaping of the gut microbiome.mSystems · 2025Review
- Asthma: Biomedical and Psychobiological Perspectives.Biopsychosocial science and medicine · 2025Review
- Direction of global health status: a narrative review and recommendation for incorporating integrative medicine for improvement.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Review
- The Microbiome in Asthma Heterogeneity: The Role of Multi-Omic Investigations.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Farm exposure is associated with human breast milk immune profile and microbiome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Maternal gut microbiota in the health of mothers and offspring: from the perspective of immunology.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- From Amish farm dust to bacterial lysates: The long and winding road to protection from allergic disease.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
- Birch pollen-The unpleasant herald of spring.Frontiers in allergy · 2023Review
- Microbiome Therapeutics for Food Allergy.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Maternal prenatal immunity, neonatal trained immunity, and early airway microbiota shape childhood asthma development.Allergy · 2022Article
- The effect of farming environment on asthma; time dependent or universal?European journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Effective Ways to Prevent Allergic Diseases: Where Do We Stand?Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
- Vishniacozyma victoriae (syn. Cryptococcus victoriae) in the homes of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children in New York City.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2022Article
- History of Allergy: Clinical Descriptions, Pathophysiology, and Treatment.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Children who grow up in traditional farm environments are protected from developing asthma and allergy. This 'farm effect' can be largely explained by the child's early life contact with farm animals, in particular cows, and their microbes. Our studies in Amish and Hutterite school children living on farms in the U.S. have further demonstrated that this protection is mediated through innate immune pathways. Although very similar with respect to ancestry and many lifestyle factors that are associated with asthma risk, Amish and Hutterites follow farming practices that are associated with profound differences in the levels of house dust endotoxin, in the prevalence of asthma and atopy among school children, and in the proportions, phenotypes, and functions of immune cells from these children. In this review, we will consider our studies in Amish and Hutterites children in the context of the many previous studies in European farm children and discuss how these studies have advanced our understanding of the asthma-protective 'farm effect'.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.